Browse more peptide research, methods and limitations.
Case series and review of hair loss associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists identifies a previously underrecognized side effect that may be related to rapid weight loss or direct drug effects.
Alsuwailem, Omar A; Alanazi, Rawan; Almutairi, Hessa M; Asiree, Rayan H; Almutairi, Wasan; Almutairi, Taghreed M; Zamandar, Alia; Alkhames, Saleh · Review
Review explores evidence for personalized T2D pharmacotherapy including patient characteristics that predict optimal response to GLP-1 drugs versus other medication classes.
Altabas, Velimir; Marinković Radošević, Jelena · Review
Study reveals how LL-37 cathelicidin and its citrullinated form differentially modulate IL-17-mediated immune responses, with implications for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Altieri, Anthony; Lloyd, Dylan; Ramotar, Padmanie; van der Does, Anne M; Hemshekhar, Mahadevappa; Mookherjee, Neeloffer · In Vitro
Review of GLP-1 drug safety and efficacy in special populations provides guidance for prescribing in complex patients with multiple comorbidities.
Altobaishat, Obieda; Farid Gadelmawla, Ahmed; Balbaa, Elsayed; Turkmani, Mustafa; Abouzid, Mohamed · Meta Analysis
South Australian experience with 177Lu-DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for neuroendocrine tumors provides real-world efficacy and safety data for this somatostatin-based treatment.
Altus, L M; Forster, J C; Mercurio, J; Kitchener, M; Corsini, N; Nenke, M; Price, T; Patel, D; Chew, R; Moffat, D; Unger, S; Cehic, G · Cohort
Large-scale population analysis of GLP-1 drug association with major cardiovascular events confirms significant reduction in heart attack, stroke, and cardiovascular death.
Alwafi, Hassan; Al-Harbi, Sarah Saleh; Aladwani, Ghada Ahmad; Alsanosi, Safaa M; Oyelade, Tope; Almalki, Fahd; Thalib, Husna Irfan; Naser, Abdallah Y; Alfahmi, Manal Z; AlOtaibi, Basil; Fuad, Samra; Zubair, Mohammed Talha Mohammed; Aldhahir, Abdulelah M; Insani, Widya N; Alqarni, Abdullah A; Alqahtani, Jaber S; Ashoor, Deema S; Dairi, Mohammad Saleh · Meta Analysis
Analysis of T2D medication initiation patterns reveals how GLP-1 drugs are being integrated into real-world treatment sequences, with implications for guideline-practice alignment.
Alyabsi, Mesnad S; Almousa, Lolwah; Alqarni, Anwar H; Aldawsari, Asma; Alnasser, Lubna; Almutairi, Adel F · Cohort
Bisphenol A modulated hypothalamic NPY and melanocortin neuropeptide expression, revealing a mechanism by which this common chemical disrupts appetite regulation and metabolic health.
Alymbaeva, Daiana; Zsarnovszky, Attila; Szabo, Csaba; Kiss, David Sandor; Bartha, Tibor; Jocsak, Gergely · Animal Study
Review of GLP-1 molecular pharmacology covers receptor binding, signaling pathways, biased agonism, and how molecular understanding enables design of better GLP-1 drugs.
Alzahrani, Abdullah M; Alshobragi, Ghada A; Alshehri, Abdullah M; Alzahrani, Majed S; Alshehri, Hasan A; Alzhrani, Rami M; Basudan, Samah; Alkatheeri, Ayed A; Almutairi, Salman A; Alzahrani, Yahya A · Review
Study of semaglutide effects on glycemic control and body weight in diverse T2D populations confirms consistent efficacy across different patient demographics.
Alzahrani, Mahmoud; Rammal, Lama; Felemban, Razaz; Khan, Muhammed; Saad, Hamza; Alrezqi, Muhammed; Alsulami, Nabil; Alabdullatif, Abdulelah; Alawashiz, Zyad · Cohort
Head-to-head comparison of once-weekly semaglutide versus SGLT2 inhibitors in T2D found semaglutide superior for HbA1c and weight loss with different safety profiles.
Amamoo, James; Doshi, Riddhi; Noone, Joshua; Xie, Lin; Gamble, Cory; Guevarra, Mico; Divino, Victoria; Chen, Justin; King, Aaron · Cohort
Comprehensive review of marine functional foods in cardiovascular health modulation covers bioactive peptides from fish, shellfish, and seaweed with ACE-inhibitory and antioxidant properties.
Amanat, Muhammed; Chib, Shivani; Singh, Thakur Gurjeet; Singh, Randhir · Review
Review of psychological and behavioral effects of GLP-1/GIP agonists covers mood, food reward, addiction, cognition, and mental health implications of these metabolic drugs.
Ameer, Fatima; Villacres, Nicole Yañez; Bustos, Daniel; Shah, Pari C; Appah, Noble; Luzaya, Galilee N; Corradi, Francesca; Bakare, Ifeoluwa S; Trujillo, Juan D; Mylavarapu, Maneeth; Mowo-Wale, Adetola; Silva, Alisson Barbosa · Review
Review of ACE2's dual role as both SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor and neuroprotective enzyme explores how viral infections and neurodegeneration intersect through this peptide-processing enzyme.
Amelimojarad, Melika; Amelimojarad, Mandana · Review
Review of GLP-1 drug implications for common hand procedures covers wound healing effects, anesthesia considerations, and perioperative management for this growing patient population.
Amen, Troy B; Ibrahim, Lina I; Gillinov, Stephen M; Torabian, Kaveh A; Dean, Michael C; Liimakka, Adriana; Lee, Steve K · Cohort
Fast-disintegrating oral films loaded with nisin-containing niosomes provide a novel delivery system for this natural antimicrobial peptide for oral infection treatment.
Amer, Ali A; Karkar, Yasir; Bingle, Lewis; Elkordy, Amal Ali; Chaw, Cheng Shu · In Vitro
Review of strategies for overcoming oral cavity barriers for peptide delivery covers mucoadhesive systems, permeation enhancers, and nanoformulations for buccal and sublingual peptide administration.
Amer, Ali A; Bingle, Lewis; Elkordy, Amal Ali; Chaw, Cheng Shu · Review
Comparison of AFib ablation outcomes in GLP-1 drug users versus non-users reveals whether these metabolic drugs affect arrhythmia recurrence after cardiac ablation.
Amin, Ahmed Mazen; Gadelmawla, Ahmed Farid; Najah, Qasi; Awashra, Ameer; Abdelsayed, Kerollos; Abdelazeem, Basel; Felpel, Kevin; Kaplan, Rachel M; Winterfield, Jeffrey · Cohort
Comprehensive review of semaglutide and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy synthesizes all available evidence on this potential GLP-1 drug eye safety concern.
Amini, Abdullah; Hamann, Steffen; Larsen, Michael · Review
Analysis of individual variation in tirzepatide type 2 diabetes response identifies patient characteristics predicting who achieves the best glycemic and weight outcomes.
Aminorroaya, Arya; Oikonomou, Evangelos K; Biswas, Dhruva; Jastreboff, Ania M; Khera, Rohan · Meta Analysis
Descriptive analysis from VigiAccess global pharmacovigilance database characterizes drug-related problems associated with semaglutide across international reporting systems.
Amirthalingam, Palanisamy · Cohort
Medication adherence analysis for semaglutide once-weekly injection in T2D patients reveals real-world compliance patterns, predictors of adherence, and discontinuation reasons.
Amirthalingam, Palanisamy; Alatawi, Olayan Salamah; Hamdan, Ahmed Mohsen Elsaid; Aljabri, Ahmed; Alqifari, Saleh; Alshareef, Hanan; Hakami, Faris Ahmed M; Albalawi, Nader Salem; A Albrahimi, Hazem Moufeed; Mubark Alanazi, Sultan Mohammed; Alatawi, Ahmed Mutair; Albalwi, Abdullah Abdalziz S; Ali, Mostafa A Sayed · Cohort
Review of BNP and NT-proBNP as prognostic biomarkers confirms their predictive value for adverse cardiovascular events across multiple clinical settings.
Ammar, Lama A; Massoud, Gaelle P; Chidiac, Charbel; Booz, George W; Altara, Raffaele; Zouein, Fouad A · Meta Analysis
Case report of neoantigen-targeting peptide vaccine combined with checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy produced anti-tumor response, demonstrating personalized combination immunotherapy.
Amorelli, Germano; Rabsteyn, Armin; Maier, Claus-Philipp; Trautner, Finn; Holzer, Ursula; Schäfer, Jürgen Frank; Ebinger, Martin; Handgretinger, Rupert; Nahnsen, Sven; Rammensee, Hans-Georg; Lang, Peter · Case Series
Review of GLP-1 drug mechanisms in craving and addiction covers neurobiological pathways through which these peptides modulate reward circuits, substance use, and addictive behavior.
Amorim Moreira Alves, Gabriel; Teranishi, Masatoki; Teixeira de Castro Gonçalves Ortega, Ana Claudia; James, Frank; Perera Molligoda Arachchige, Arosh S · Review
Comparison of GLP-1 drugs, SGLT2 inhibitors, and finerenone for cardiovascular and renal benefits in diabetes evaluates which drug class provides optimal organ protection.
An, Xue-Dong; Li, Xin-Qin; Zhang, He; Jia, Qian-You; Zhang, Yue-Hong; Yang, Gui-Gui · Meta Analysis
Analysis of GLP-1 receptor agonist effects on cancer outcomes examines whether these metabolic drugs influence cancer risk, progression, or mortality.
An, Xuedong; Sun, WenJie; Wen, Zhige; Duan, LiYun; Zhang, YueHong; Kang, Xiaomin; Ji, Hangyu; Sun, Yuting; Jiang, Linlin; Zhao, Xuefei; Gao, Qing; Lian, Fengmei · Meta Analysis
Critical review of anti-obesity medication effects on bone metabolism examines how GLP-1 drugs and other weight loss agents affect bone density and fracture risk during weight loss.
Anastasilakis, Athanasios D; Paccou, Julien; Palermo, Andrea; Polyzos, Stergios A · Review
Analysis of hormonal alterations after metabolic bariatric surgery reveals how GLP-1, GIP, and other gut peptide changes drive post-surgical metabolic improvements.
Anastasiou, Ioanna A; Kounatidis, Dimitris; Rebelos, Eleni; Vallianou, Natalia G; Tentolouris, Anastasios; Tentolouris, Nikolaos; Dalamaga, Maria; Karampela, Irene · Review
Semaglutide enhanced cellular regeneration in skin and retinal cells in vitro, revealing direct tissue repair properties beyond its metabolic effects.
Anastasiou, Ioanna A; Tentolouris, Anastasios; Sarantis, Panagiotis; Katsaouni, Athanasia; Rebelos, Eleni; Mourouzis, Iordanis; Pantos, Constantinos; Tentolouris, Nikolaos · In Vitro
Review of dual and triple gut peptide agonists on the horizon covers tirzepatide, retatrutide, CagriSema, and other multi-target obesity drugs approaching clinical use.
Anastasiou, Ioanna Α; Argyrakopoulou, Georgia; Dalamaga, Maria; Kokkinos, Alexander · Review
Special issue review compiles real-world evidence for GLP-1 drug use, bridging the gap between clinical trial results and everyday clinical practice outcomes.
Anderson, Sarah L · Review
Analysis of GLP-1 drug safety and effectiveness across different patient populations provides evidence for equitable and appropriate use.
Anderson, Scott R; Ayoub, Malek; Coats, Sarah; McHenry, Scott; Tan, Tingyi; Deepak, Parakkal · Cohort
Review of GLP-1 drug use in perioperative settings covers preoperative management, anesthesia considerations, aspiration risk, and postoperative glycemic control.
Anderson, Todd R; Bushhouse, Mark; Carletto, Emily J; Holder, Kelly · Case Series
Identification of HLA class II-restricted T cell epitopes in public neoantigens from common cancer mutations enables shared peptide vaccines applicable to multiple patients.
Ando, Yukari; Miyadera, Hiroko; Bando, Hiroko; Hashimoto, Sachie; Noguchi, Emiko; Hara, Hisato · In Vitro
PLGA nanoparticles decorated with TAT cell-penetrating peptide and folic acid achieved dual-targeted cancer drug delivery with enhanced tumor uptake and therapeutic efficacy.
Andrade, Stéphanie; Ramalho, Maria J; Santos, João; Santos, Sílvio; Melo, Luís D R; Guimarães, Nuno; Ferraz, Maria P; Azevedo, Nuno F; Pereira, Maria C; Loureiro, Joana A · In Vitro
Amyloid protein remodeling of brain cell morphometry and nanomechanics reveals how toxic peptide aggregates physically damage neurons in neurodegenerative disease.
Andreeva, Tonya D; Todinova, Svetla; Langari, Ariana; Strijkova, Velichka; Katrova, Vesela; Taneva, Stefka G · In Vitro
Prospective real-world analysis of intravenous eptinezumab in migraine patients confirms clinical trial efficacy translates to everyday practice with good tolerability.
Andreou, Anna P; Hill, Bethany; Al-Rawi, Rand; Murphy, Madeleine; Soares, Isabel; Briscoe, Jessica; Kilner, Rachael; Lambru, Giorgio · Cohort
Combined use of high-sensitivity troponin-T and NT-proBNP natriuretic peptide provides superior heart failure diagnostic utility compared to either biomarker alone.
Andrews, Tyler; Jabri, Ahmad; McBride, Patrick; Gelovani, David; Beidoun, Mohamad; Giustino, Gennaro; Krafchak, Stephen; Gladney, Stephen; Holmes, Danielle; Wyman, Janet F; Wang, Dee Dee; Eng, Marvin; Aronow, Herb; Lanfear, Dave; O'Neill, William; Engel Gonzalez, Pedro; O'Neill, Brian; Villablanca, Pedro; Lee, James; Jacobsen, Gordon; Cook, Bernard; McCord, James; Frisoli, Tiberio M · Cohort
Comparison of gastroparesis risk across different weight loss modalities including GLP-1 drugs and bariatric surgery helps quantify this GI complication by treatment approach.
Aneke-Nash, Chino; Hung, Kay Su; Wall-Wieler, Elizabeth; Zheng, Feibi; Sharaiha, Reem Z · Cohort
Short-term low-dose tirzepatide improved lipid profiles, glucose homeostasis, and inflammatory markers, showing metabolic benefits begin even at starting doses.
Angelopoulos, Nikolaos; Livadas, Sarantis; Androulakis, Ioannis; Petkova, Valentina; Rizoulis, Andreas; Boniakos, Anastasios; Paparodis, Rodis; Tzoulis, Ploutarchos; Mentzelopoulou, Voula; Florakis, Dimos; Fousteris, Evangelos; Korakovouni, Areti; Zianni, Dimitra; Mouslech, Zadalla; Rizzo, Manfredi; Mikhailidis, Dimitri P; Anagnostis, Panagiotis · Cohort
Co-administration of calcium with L-tryptophan enhances gut hormone release (GLP-1, CCK, PYY), reduces energy intake, and lowers postprandial blood sugar in humans.
Anjom-Shoae, Javad; Veedfald, Simon; Conigrave, Arthur D; Horowitz, Michael; Feinle-Bisset, Christine · Review
Novel hepcidin isoform from sin croaker fish demonstrates antimicrobial activity, adding to marine-derived antimicrobial peptides with potential antibiotic resistance applications.
Anju, M V; Archana, K; Musthafa, S Muhammed; Anooja, V V; Athira, P P; Neelima, S; Dhaneesha, M; Sajeevan, T P; Singh, I S Bright; Philip, Rosamma · In Vitro
Phase 4 post-marketing study evaluating GLP-1 drug safety and tolerability over 24 weeks provides important long-term real-world safety data beyond pivotal trials.
Antinew, Jeremias; Fountaine, Robert J; Loprinzo, Vittorio; Straghan, Esther; Dubrovin, Sergey; DeBesi, Patrizia; Vatakis, Nick; Fullerton, Terence · RCT
Case report of hypoglycemic coma caused by a falsified semaglutide product highlights the dangerous consequences of counterfeit GLP-1 drug products entering the market.
Antonacci, Giulia; Bortignon, Erika; Bolognesi, Massimo; Piano, Salvatore Silvio; Cadore, Alessandro; Camuffo, Laura; Venturini, Francesca; Faoro, Sonia; Favretto, Donata; Romano, Antonietta; Mengato, Daniele · Case Series
Expert consensus on gepant CGRP antagonists for both acute and preventive migraine treatment provides practical clinical guidance for using these oral peptide-pathway drugs.
Anukoolwittaya, Prakit; Rattanawong, Wanakorn; Vongvaivanich, Kiratikorn; Pongpitakmetha, Thanakit; Thanprasertsuk, Sekh; Poonpedpun, Thaninjitra; Soontrapa, Pannathat; Suwanlaong, Kanokrat; Kongbunkiat, Kannikar; Komonchan, Surasak; Dusitanond, Petcharat; Teekaput, Chutithep; Sirimaharaj, Nopdanai; Yuvasilp, Nadolporn; Tanprawate, Surat · Review
Review proposes that GLP-1 drug mitigation of lipotoxicity — toxic fat accumulation in kidney cells — is a key mechanism for slowing chronic kidney disease progression.
Anumas, Suthiya; Inagi, Reiko · Review
Systematic review of spreading depolarization's causes and consequences reveals CGRP release as a key link between cortical spreading depression and migraine pain activation.
Anwar, Faheem; Grech, Olivia; Mugo, Caroline W; Roberts, James A; Hubbard, Jessica C; Thomas, Chloe N; Sinclair, Alexandra J; Hill, Lisa J · Meta Analysis
MCT diet feeding raised plasma ghrelin 2.5-fold but completely blocked ghrelin-induced food intake and hypothalamic NPY upregulation, while leaving ghrelin-induced growth hormone secretion intact.
Aotani, Daisuke; Ariyasu, Hiroyuki; Tanaka, Tomohiro; Shimazu-Kuwahara, Satoko; Nomura, Hidenari; Shimizu, Yoshiyuki; Takeda, Katsushi; Koyama, Hiroyuki; Kusakabe, Toru; Miyazawa, Takashi; Hikida, Takatoshi; Kataoka, Hiromi; Nakao, Kazuwa · Animal Study
Liraglutide treatment improved glycemic dysregulation and body composition, demonstrating comprehensive metabolic benefits of GLP-1 receptor activation.
Apperley, Louise; Parkinson, Jennifer; Senniappan, Senthil · Cohort