RPEP-05521 · 2021Self-assembling peptides form a diverse range of micro- and nanostructures — including nanofibers, hydrogels, and nanotubes — that serve as platforms for tissue regeneration and drug delivery. By modifying amino acid composition, researchers can mimic biological functions, load both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs, and engineer stimuli-responsive release at targeted disease sites. The review highlights that biocompatibility and molecular recognition targeting are among their most significant advantages over conventional delivery systems.
La Manna, Sara; Di Natale, Concetta; Onesto, Valentina; Marasco, Daniela · Review
RPEP-05523 · 2021IL-4 via IL-4Rα triggered dose-dependent release of Met-enkephalin, β-endorphin, and dynorphin A from M1 macrophages at injured nerves. Release was Ca2+-dependent via PKA, PI3K, and ryanodine receptors. Pain relief blocked by antibodies to each opioid peptide and all three opioid receptor antagonists.
Labuz, Dominika; Celik, Melih Ö; Seitz, Viola; Machelska, Halina · Animal
RPEP-05524 · 2021Proglucagon-derived peptide family includes glucagon, GLP-1, GLP-2, oxyntomodulin, glicentin, and GRPP. Each has distinct biology and therapeutic applications. GLP-1 dominates current therapeutics, while oxyntomodulin and glucagon combinations are emerging.
Lafferty, Ryan A; O'Harte, Finbarr P M; Irwin, Nigel; Gault, Victor A; Flatt, Peter R · Review
RPEP-05525 · 2021ATLAS identified both stimulatory and inhibitory neoantigens. In B16F10 melanoma, stimulatory neoantigens protected while inhibitory ones accelerated tumor growth and abolished protective vaccine efficacy. Clinical trial: personalized vaccine well-tolerated, 99% antigen immune response rate.
Lam, Hubert; McNeil, Lisa K; Starobinets, Hanna; DeVault, Victoria L; Cohen, Roger B; Twardowski, Przemyslaw; Johnson, Melissa L; Gillison, Maura L; Stein, Mark N; Vaishampayan, Ulka N; DeCillis, Arthur P; Foti, James J; Vemulapalli, Vijetha; Tjon, Emily; Ferber, Kyle; DeOliveira, Daniel B; Broom, Wendy; Agnihotri, Parul; Jaffee, Elizabeth M; Wong, Kwok-Kin; Drake, Charles G; Carroll, Pamela M; Davis, Thomas A; Flechtner, Jessica Baker · Clinical Preclinical
RPEP-05528 · 202112A12mAb targeting pathological tau N-terminal fragment improved retinal pathology (APP/Aβ processing, tau phosphorylation, inflammation, synaptic proteins, mitochondrial function, neuronal death) in parallel with hippocampal improvements in Tg2576 AD mice after IV administration.
Latina, Valentina; Giacovazzo, Giacomo; Cordella, Federica; Balzamino, Bijorn Omar; Micera, Alessandra; Varano, Monica; Marchetti, Cristina; Malerba, Francesca; Florio, Rita; Ercole, Bruno Bruni; La Regina, Federico; Atlante, Anna; Coccurello, Roberto; Di Angelantonio, Silvia; Calissano, Pietro; Amadoro, Giuseppina · Animal
RPEP-05530 · 2021MCR agonist D-Tyr MTII: reduced Aβ accumulation, suppressed neuroinflammation, reduced neurotoxic A1 astrocytes, blunted microglial activation while enhancing plaque-associated microglia, and restored impaired hippocampal transcriptome in APP/PS1 mice.
Lau, Jackie K Y; Tian, Min; Shen, Yang; Lau, Shun-Fat; Fu, Wing-Yu; Fu, Amy K Y; Ip, Nancy Y · Animal
RPEP-05532 · 2021VIP is proposed to treat RA by: (1) inhibiting T cell plasticity toward non-classic Th1 cells, (2) enhancing follicular regulatory T cell (Tfr) activity, and (3) consequently reducing systemic pathogenic autoantibody titers that drive arthritis.
Leceta, Javier; Garin, Marina I; Conde, Carmen · Review
RPEP-05533 · 2021Cyclosporin O derivatives demonstrated that intramolecular hydrogen bonds and conformational chameleonicity determine membrane permeability and cyclophilin A binding. Conformation-permeability-binding relationships were mapped with PK profiling.
Lee, Dongjae; Lee, Sungjin; Choi, Jieun; Song, Yoo-Kyung; Kim, Min Ju; Shin, Dae-Seop; Bae, Myung Ae; Kim, Yong-Chul; Park, Chin-Ju; Lee, Kyeong-Ryoon; Choi, Jun-Ho; Seo, Jiwon · Preclinical
RPEP-05534 · 2021Overall 87.5% (14/16) significant pain improvement. BPC-157 alone: 91.6% (11/12) improved. BPC-157 + TB4: 75% (3/4) improved. Multiple knee pathologies responded. 6-month to 1-year follow-up showed sustained benefit.
Lee, Edwin; Padgett, Blake · Retrospective
RPEP-05536 · 2021Three mutations (N26D, S29P, P32HYP) in sCT(22-32) increased CTR ECD affinity 21-fold. The mutated fragment also retained high affinity for all 3 AMY receptor ECD types (CTR:RAMP1, CTR:RAMP2, CTR:RAMP3).
Lee, Sangmin · In Vitro
RPEP-05537 · 2021SP/NK1R system promotes corneal lymphangiogenesis in DED by upregulating VEGFR3 expression on HDLECs. DED mouse model confirmed NK1R-dependent lymphatic vessel invasion. NK1R antagonism could inhibit pathologic lymphangiogenesis.
Lee, Seok Jae; Im, Sang-Taek; Wu, Jun; Cho, Chang Sik; Jo, Dong Hyun; Chen, Yihe; Dana, Reza; Kim, Jeong Hun; Lee, Sang-Mok · Animal
RPEP-05540 · 2021Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the master regulator of calcium and phosphate balance in the body, acting through three main pathways: increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys while blocking phosphate reabsorption, stimulating vitamin D activation to boost calcium absorption from food, and increasing bone resorption to release calcium and phosphate into the blood.
Parathyroid diseases can arise from genetic mutations affecting gland formation, hormone synthesis or secretion, or gland destruction. Treatment options range from surgical removal of overactive parathyroid tissue to hormone replacement, vitamin D supplementation, phosphate binders, and receptor activators. The review also highlights that current lab tests for PTH can be inaccurate due to interference from hormone fragments, phosphorylation, and amino acid oxidation.
Leung, Edward Ki Yun · Review
RPEP-05543 · 2021pH cascade-responsive cRGD-targeted micellar nanoplatform achieved nucleus-targeted co-delivery of chemotherapy drug GNA002 and photodynamic therapy agent, enabling synergistic chemo-photodynamic cancer treatment.
Li, Fan; Liang, Yan; Wang, Miaochen; Xu, Xing; Zhao, Fen; Wang, Xu; Sun, Yong; Chen, Wantao · Animal
RPEP-05546 · 2021Oral semaglutide vs placebo: reduced HbA1c, weight, FPG, SMPG, serious adverse events, and all-cause death. Vs active comparators: reduced HbA1c, weight, SMPG. No increased hypoglycemia, MI, HF, stroke, or pancreatitis. Increased nausea, diarrhea, vomiting. 10 RCTs, 8,536 patients.
Li, Jingxin; He, Ke; Ge, Jun; Li, Caixia; Jing, Zeng · Meta Analysis
RPEP-05547 · 2021Novel biocomposite scaffold with integrated antibacterial peptide activity demonstrated both bone regeneration capability and infection prevention, addressing the dual challenge of infected bone defects.
Li, Kai; Guo, Ai; Ran, Qichun; Tian, Hongchuan; Du, Xing; Chen, Sinan; Wen, Yafeng; Tang, Yue; Jiang, Dianming · In Vitro
RPEP-05548 · 2021Dipeptides are the shortest self-assembling peptide motifs capable of hydrogel formation. They create diverse nanostructures with controllable properties and biocompatibility for biomedical applications despite minimal complexity.
Li, Liangchun; Xie, Li; Zheng, Renlin; Sun, Rongqin · Review
RPEP-05549 · 2021Lipophilic salt forms of octreotide in lipid-based formulations improved enzymatic stability in GI lumen and intestinal membrane permeability, addressing both major barriers to oral peptide delivery.
Li, Peng; Ford, Leigh; Haque, Shadabul; McInerney, Mitchell P; Williams, Hywel D; Scammells, Peter J; Thompson, Philip E; Jannin, Vincent; Porter, Christopher J H; Benameur, Hassan; Pouton, Colin W · Preclinical
RPEP-05550 · 2021P22 virus-like particles displaying B-cell epitope peptides (VLP-OVAB) induced antibody titers as high as 5.0 × 10⁵ against the peptide antigen. VLPs displaying T-cell epitope peptides (VLP-OVAT) induced highly effective cross-presentation and strongly activated cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses.
In mouse tumor models, VLP-OVAT significantly inhibited tumor growth by increasing proportions of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and effector memory T cells (TEM) among tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes while lowering the proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that help tumors evade the immune system.
Li, Wenjing; Jing, Zhe; Wang, Shuqing; Li, Qiyu; Xing, Yutong; Shi, Haobo; Li, Shuang; Hong, Zhangyong · Animal
RPEP-05552 · 2021Tα1 treatment (1.6 mg SC × 15 days) in 78 COVID-19 patients showed gender-dependent immune responses: males had higher CRP and IL-6 but lower PCT post-treatment. Significant variability in lymphocyte subpopulations between Tα1-treated males and females.
Li, Xin; Liu, Lancong; Yang, Yi; Yang, Xuefeng; Wang, Cencen; Li, Yan; Ge, Yanyan; Shi, Yuxin; Lv, Ping; Zhou, Hua; Luo, Pei; Huang, Shilong · Clinical Trial
RPEP-05554 · 2021Ghrelin-GHSR targeting strategies include ghrelin-neutralizing antibodies/spiegelmers, GHSR antagonists/inverse agonists, GOAT enzyme inhibitors, and approaches to decrease ghrelin synthesis. Animal efficacy demonstrated for multiple compounds.
Liang, Yuan; Yin, Wenzhen; Yin, Yue; Zhang, Weizhen · Review
RPEP-05555 · 2021Co-assembled nanocomplexes of neoantigen peptide Adpgk with TLR agonist overcame poor immunogenicity of free peptides, efficiently eliciting high-intensity CTL responses through simultaneous antigen-adjuvant delivery to immune cells.
Liang, Zhaoyuan; Cui, Xinyue; Yang, Liqun; Hu, Qin; Li, Danyang; Zhang, Xiaofei; Han, Lu; Shi, Siwei; Shen, Yurong; Zhao, Weijian; Ju, Qi; Deng, Xiongwei; Wu, Yan; Sheng, Wang · Animal Study
RPEP-05556 · 2021Optimized reversible dibromomaleimide stapling of peptides using native Cys/homoCys at i, i+4 positions. Structural analysis revealed conformation-activity relationships for α-helical peptide stabilization targeting protein-protein interactions.
Lindsey-Crosthwait, Ayanna; Rodriguez-Lema, Diana; Walko, Martin; Pask, Christopher M; Wilson, Andrew J · In Vitro
RPEP-05559 · 2021High-resolution cryo-EM structures revealed the molecular basis of ghrelin and ibutamoren binding to GHSR, identifying key activation motifs.
Liu, Heng; Sun, Dapeng; Myasnikov, Alexander; Damian, Marjorie; Baneres, Jean-Louis; Sun, Ji; Zhang, Cheng · Mechanistic
RPEP-05560 · 2021Traditional peptide QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationship) methods can only predict domain-peptide binding affinities at a qualitative or semi-quantitative level — not with full quantitative precision. Using over 20,000 peptide segments interacting with SH3, PDZ, and 14-3-3 protein domains, the researchers found that the upper limit of prediction accuracy was R² = 0.7. Two key factors limit accuracy: the inherent flexibility of peptide structures makes them hard to model computationally, and the experimental affinity measurements themselves introduce significant noise.
Liu, Qian; Lin, Jing; Wen, Li; Wang, Shaozhou; Zhou, Peng; Mei, Li; Shang, Shuyong · Computational
RPEP-05561 · 2021Peptide cancer vaccines targeting TAAs or TSAs via CD8+/CD4+ epitopes have achieved clinical benefits. Adjuvants and nanomaterials improve immune responses. Combination with other therapies shows superior anti-cancer efficacy. Multiple candidates in advanced clinical development.
Liu, Wensi; Tang, Haichao; Li, Luanfeng; Wang, Xiangyi; Yu, Zhaojin; Li, Jianping · Review
RPEP-05562 · 2021Engineered cyclotide containing a Factor XIIa inhibitor loop achieved ultrapotent and selective inhibition of human β-Factor XIIa while maintaining the cyclotide scaffold's proteolytic stability and cell permeability.
Liu, Wenyu; de Veer, Simon J; Huang, Yen-Hua; Sengoku, Toru; Okada, Chikako; Ogata, Kazuhiro; Zdenek, Christina N; Fry, Bryan G; Swedberg, Joakim E; Passioura, Toby; Craik, David J; Suga, Hiroaki · In Vitro
RPEP-05563 · 2021Facile chemoselective thioether modification generates chiral center-containing stapled peptides, enabling direct study of how secondary conformation affects biophysical properties of peptide PPI inhibitors.
Liu, Yinghuan; Hu, Kuan; Yin, Feng; Li, Zigang · In Vitro
RPEP-05564 · 2021Exenatide reversed high-fat diet-induced liver fibrosis in gerbils. Integrated mRNA and miRNA expression profiling revealed specific gene and regulatory RNA networks modulated by exenatide, elucidating the molecular mechanisms of GLP-1RA hepatoprotection.
Liu, Yuehuan; Wu, Hongru; Wang, Zhiyuan; Wu, Jiusheng; Ying, Shibo; Huang, Minjie; Li, Youming · Animal Study
RPEP-05565 · 2021MR-409 (5-10 μg/mouse/day SC) reduced mortality, ischemic damage, and hippocampal atrophy in tMCAO stroke mice. Enhanced endogenous neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. Protected neural stem cells from oxygen-glucose deprivation. Mechanism: AKT/CREB and BDNF/TrkB activation.
Liu, Yueyang; Yang, Jingyu; Che, Xiaohang; Huang, Jianhua; Zhang, Xianyang; Fu, Xiaoxiao; Cai, Jialing; Yao, Yang; Zhang, Haotian; Cai, Ruiping; Su, Xiaomin; Xu, Qian; Ren, Fu; Cai, Renzhi; Schally, Andrew V; Zhou, Ming-Sheng · Animal Study
RPEP-05566 · 2021Paeoniflorin promoted SOCS3 expression and inhibited LPS-induced TLR2 and LL-37 expression through SOCS3-ASK1-p38 cascade in macrophages. Rosacea lesions showed increased LL-37 and CD68+ macrophage infiltration. SOCS3 siRNA reversed PF's effects, confirming the mechanism.
Liu, Zijing; Zhang, Jiawen; Jiang, Peiyu; Yin, Zhi; Liu, Yunyi; Liu, Yixuan; Wang, Xiaoyan; Hu, Liang; Xu, Yang; Liu, Wentao · In Vitro
RPEP-05567 · 2021LEAP-2 acts as both competitive ghrelin antagonist and inverse agonist of constitutive GHS-R1a activity. LEAP-2 increases with feeding/obesity, decreases with fasting/weight loss — inverse to ghrelin. LEAP-2/ghrelin molar ratio fluctuates with energy status and modulates food intake.
Lu, Xuehan; Huang, Lili; Huang, Zhengxiang; Feng, Dandan; Clark, Richard J; Chen, Chen · Review
RPEP-05568 · 2021Comprehensive review of strategies to enhance peptide proteolytic resistance for targeting and intracellular delivery: D-amino acids, cyclization, PEGylation, unnatural amino acids, backbone modifications, and hybrid approaches.
Lucana, Maria C; Arruga, Yolanda; Petrachi, Emilia; Roig, Albert; Lucchi, Roberta; Oller-Salvia, Benjamí · Review
RPEP-05569 · 2021SGLT2 inhibitors associated with reduced gout risk compared to other antidiabetic medications in a Danish population-based cohort. GLP-1 peptides also showed potential gout risk reduction.
Lund, Lars Christian; Højlund, Mikkel; Henriksen, Daniel Pilsgaard; Hallas, Jesper; Kristensen, Kasper Bruun · Observational
RPEP-05570 · 2021TK-CATH: first anionic cathelicidin (net charge -3). No direct antimicrobial activity. Potent anti-inflammatory (inhibited LPS-induced cytokines via MAPK). Promoted wound healing: cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, keratinocyte motility/proliferation, and accelerated full-thickness wound repair in mice.
Luo, Xuanjin; Ouyang, Jianhong; Wang, Yan; Zhang, Minghui; Fu, Lei; Xiao, Ning; Gao, Lianghui; Zhang, Peng; Zhou, Jiang; Wang, Yipeng · Animal Study
RPEP-05571 · 2021Physical enhancement methods for oral peptide absorption include ultrasound-mediated permeabilization, intestinal microneedle capsules, iontophoresis (electric field-driven transport), and mechanical mucosal disruption devices.
Luo, Zhi; Paunović, Nevena; Leroux, Jean-Christophe · Review
RPEP-05572 · 2021Systematic CPP modifications improved membrane interaction activity and cargo delivery efficacy for enhanced intracellular delivery of therapeutic molecules.
Lützenburg, Tamara; Burdina, Nele; Scholz, Matthias S; Neundorf, Ines · In Vitro
RPEP-05573 · 2021GLP-1RAs provide cardiovascular benefits including atherosclerosis reduction, blood pressure lowering, heart failure protection, and anti-inflammatory effects. These benefits are partly independent of glucose control and weight loss.
Ma, Xiaoxuan; Liu, Zhenghong; Ilyas, Iqra; Little, Peter J; Kamato, Danielle; Sahebka, Amirhossein; Chen, Zhengfang; Luo, Sihui; Zheng, Xueying; Weng, Jianping; Xu, Suowen · Review
RPEP-05574 · 2021The tLyP-1-functionalized ferritin nanoparticles (tLyP-1-HFtn-PTX) showed enhanced intracellular delivery and superior cytotoxicity against both SMMC-7721 liver cancer and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells compared to unmodified ferritin-PTX. The peptide-decorated nanoparticles also demonstrated better anti-invasion ability and deeper penetration into tumor spheroids.
In live mice with breast cancer xenografts, tLyP-1-HFtn-PTX selectively accumulated at tumor sites and displayed higher therapeutic efficacy with lower systemic toxicity. Notably, the tLyP-1 peptide functioned effectively at the N-terminal of ferritin, contrary to the previous assumption that it only works at the C-terminus.
Ma, Yuanmeng; Li, Ruike; Dong, Yixin; You, Chaoqun; Huang, Shenlin; Li, Xun; Wang, Fei; Zhang, Yu · Animal Study
RPEP-05576 · 2021TB4, a developmentally essential 43aa secreted peptide, demonstrates multiple cardiac regenerative capabilities via systemic administration in adult organisms. The concept proposes using developmental peptides to reactivate embryonic regenerative programs in aging organs.
Maar, Klaudia; Hetenyi, Roland; Maar, Szabolcs; Faskerti, Gabor; Hanna, Daniel; Lippai, Balint; Takatsy, Aniko; Bock-Marquette, Ildiko · Review
RPEP-05577 · 2021Formulation strategies including enteric coatings, nanoparticle co-encapsulation, mucoadhesive formulations, and timed-release systems optimize intestinal permeation enhancer efficacy for oral peptide delivery.
Maher, Sam; Brayden, David J · Review
RPEP-05578 · 2021RGD peptide-modified liposomes loaded with curcumin (RGD-Lip-Cur) demonstrated significantly greater cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells compared to both unmodified curcumin liposomes and free curcumin.
At concentrations of 32, 16, and 4 μg/ml, the RGD-targeted version was significantly more toxic to cancer cells (p<0.05 vs plain liposomes, p<0.01 vs free curcumin). The apoptosis assay showed RGD-Lip-Cur induced 39.6% early apoptosis and 40.2% late apoptosis in cancer cells. The formulation also activated caspase 3/7 (cell death enzymes) significantly more than controls. Importantly, RGD-Lip-Cur showed no significant toxicity to normal cells.
Mahmoudi, Reza; Ashraf Mirahmadi-Babaheidri, Seyedeh; Delaviz, Hamdollah; Fouani, Mohamad Hassan; Alipour, Mohsen; Jafari Barmak, Mehrzad; Christiansen, Gunna; Bardania, Hassan ·
RPEP-05579 · 2021No approved NAFLD-specific pharmacotherapy. Current approaches: lifestyle modification, pioglitazone, vitamin E. Emerging: GLP-1RAs showing promise for liver fat reduction and inflammation. NAFLD affects ~30% of adults, up to 70% of T2DM patients.
Mantovani, Alessandro; Dalbeni, Andrea · Review
RPEP-05580 · 2021GIP and GLP-1 have additive effects on insulin secretion, but they differ in key ways: GLP-1 suppresses glucagon and slows stomach emptying while GIP increases glucagon secretion and promotes fat storage in adipose tissue. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's ability to stimulate insulin is severely impaired for largely unknown reasons, while GLP-1's effect is only slightly reduced.
Beyond glucose control, GLP-1 at pharmacological doses reduces appetite and body weight. GIP shows similar effects in animal studies but not yet convincingly in humans. Both hormones show beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative CNS disorders. The superior efficacy of the GIP/GLP-1 co-agonist tirzepatide over selective GLP-1 agonists has fundamentally changed the perception of GIP from a therapeutically useless hormone to a key drug target.
Nauck, Michael A; Quast, Daniel R; Wefers, Jakob; Pfeiffer, Andreas F H ·
RPEP-05581 · 2021GhsrQ343X allele alters nutrient partitioning to favor fat storage through constitutive GHSR activity, independent of ghrelin-mediated effects. Demonstrates that GHSR baseline signaling independently regulates metabolic programming.
Marion, Candice; Zizzari, Philippe; Denis, Raphaël G P; Hassouna, Rim; Chebani, Yacine; Leste-Lasserre, Thierry; Doat, Hélène; Le Pen, Gwenaëlle; Cota, Daniela; Noble, Florence; Luquet, Serge; Pantel, Jacques · Animal Study
RPEP-05582 · 2021PTH and PTHrP share amino-terminal domain identity and PTH1R receptor activation but have distinct physiological and pharmacological roles in bone. Intermittent PTH builds bone (anabolic) while continuous PTH breaks it down (catabolic). Genetic models clarify mechanism distinctions.
Martin, T John; Sims, Natalie A; Seeman, Ego · Review
RPEP-05584 · 2021Refractory migraine may result from anti-drug antibody development against biologic treatments including anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies. Multiple mechanisms of pharmacological refractoriness discussed including immunogenicity, receptor changes, and metabolic tolerance.
Maselis, K; Žekevičiūtė, R; Vaitkus, A · Review
RPEP-05585 · 2021GLP-1 agonists and analogs work in part by slowing gastric emptying — food stays in the stomach longer, which reduces post-meal blood sugar spikes. However, this gastric slowing effect diminishes with long-acting preparations and with long-term use of short-acting preparations through tachyphylaxis (the body adapts to continuous exposure).
Key findings from the reviewed literature: endogenous GLP-1 has a half-life of only 2-3 minutes (destroyed by DPP-IV enzyme). GLP-1 infusion slows gastric emptying and increases gastric volumes. Dual GLP-1/GIP agonists (like tirzepatide) do not appear to retard gastric emptying based on reports at the time of review. The chapter also notes that most studies used the acetaminophen absorption test, which primarily measures liquid gastric emptying in the first hour, while scintigraphy provides more valid measurements.
Maselli, Daniel B; Camilleri, Michael · Review
RPEP-05586 · 2021GLP-1RAs demonstrate pre-clinical neuroprotective efficacy in multiple ischemic stroke models: reducing infarct size, inflammation, and improving functional outcomes. Established safety and availability position them as practical stroke neuroprotectant candidates.
Maskery, Mark P; Holscher, Christian; Jones, Stephanie P; Price, Christopher I; Strain, W David; Watkins, Caroline L; Werring, David J; Emsley, Hedley Ca · Systematic Review
RPEP-05587 · 2021At 6 weeks: fremanezumab 900mg most effective (SMD=-0.55). At 8 weeks: erenumab 140mg most effective (SMD=-0.51). At 12 weeks: erenumab 140mg most effective (SMD=-0.48). For chronic migraine: fremanezumab 900mg best at 6 weeks, erenumab 140mg best at 8 and 12 weeks.
Masoud, Ahmed Taher; Hasan, Mohammed Tarek; Sayed, Ahmed; Edward, Harvey Nabil; Amer, Ahmed Mohamed; Naga, Abdelrahman Elshahat; Elfil, Mohamed; Alghamdi, Badrah S; Perveen, Asma; Ashraf, Ghulam Md; Bahbah, Eshak I · Meta Analysis
RPEP-05588 · 2021Nociceptor ablation/silencing substantially reduced allergic inflammation and IgE production in airway and skin models. Substance P released from nociceptors promoted B cell antibody class switching to IgE and antibody-secreting cell formation. First evidence of nociceptor role in adaptive humoral immunity.
Mathur, Shreya; Wang, Jo-Chiao; Seehus, Corey R; Poirier, Florence; Crosson, Theo; Hsieh, Yu-Chen; Doyle, Benjamin; Lee, Seungkyu; Woolf, Clifford J; Foster, Simmie L; Talbot, Sebastien · Animal Study