Browse more peptide research, methods and limitations.
BATMAN peptide nanoparticle simultaneously targets bacteria and rejuvenates immunosuppressed macrophages via tuftsin-FcγR signaling in preclinical sepsis.
Qing, Guangchao; Zhang, Yuxuan; Wang, Yongchao; Li, Xianlei; Luo, Ting; Zhang, Fuxue; Ni, Qiankun; Hu, Runjing; Shan, Shaobo; Zhang, Hong; Yuan, Rui; Gan, Yaling; Liang, Xing-Jie; Luo, Yang · Animal Study
Snake-derived ECCT peptide shows both anti-H. pylori activity and anti-gastric cancer properties.
Qiu, Jie; Shi, Wenzhuang; Qian, Zhenghai; Zhang, Pengyu; Li, Shuangyu; Shen, Genhai; Wang, Yipeng; Li, Bin · Laboratory
Electroacupuncture at CV4 (2/100 Hz) reduced PID pain by inhibiting sympathetic nerve activity and neurogenic inflammation in rats.
Qu, Jinyu; Peng, Yingchun; Shen, Xuefang; Xiong, Jin; Wang, Huan; Xiao, Xiang; Wang, Yili · Animal Study
Weight regain after GLP-1 drug discontinuation is substantial and consistent across randomized trials for liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide.
Quarenghi, Massimo; Capelli, Silvia; Galligani, Giulia; Giana, Arianna; Preatoni, Giorgia; Turri Quarenghi, Rosamaria · Systematic Review
Preliminary evidence on physiological and perceptual effects of GLP-1 drugs during alcohol consumption in obese individuals.
Quddos, Fatima; Fowler, Mary; de Lima Bovo, Ana Carolina; Elbash, Zacarya; Tegge, Allison N; Gatchalian, Kirstin M; Kablinger, Anita S; DiFeliceantonio, Alexandra G; Bickel, Warren K · Rct
Peripheral dopamine and opioid systems interact synergistically to inhibit nociception in mice through local receptor and peptide mechanisms.
Queiroz, Bárbara F G; Barra, Walace C P; Fonseca, Flávia C S; Irie, Audrey L; Romero, Thiago R L; Duarte, Igor D G · Animal Study
Semaglutide users had more residual gastric content than controls on ultrasound despite following standard 8-hour fasting protocols.
Queiroz, Veronica Neves Fialho; Falsarella, Priscila Mina; Chaves, Renato Carneiro de Freitas; Francisco Neto, Miguel Jose; Silva, João Manoel; Araújo, Guilherme Freitas; Takaoka, Flávio; Pfeilsticker, Flávia Julie do Amaral; Mendes, Guilherme Falleiros; Garcia, Rodrigo Gobbo · Observational
BNP/NT-proBNP show promise for cardiac assessment in pregnancy but are limited by physiological elevations and lack of pregnancy-specific reference ranges.
Quek, Stuart; Zill-E-Huma, Rabia; Andrews, Mark; Mouyis, Maria · Narrative Review
Imaging biomarkers (coronary calcium, cardiac/hepatic steatosis) and circulating biomarkers provide superior cardiovascular risk prediction in T2DM compared to traditional risk assessment tools.
Quinaglia, Thiago; Silva, Gustavo L R; Matos-Souza, Jose Roberto; Coelho-Filho, Otavio Rizzi; Nadruz, Wilson; Sposito, Andrei C · Systematic Review
Liraglutide produces statistically and clinically significant weight loss in non-diabetic overweight and obese adults compared to placebo across pooled randomized controlled trials.
Quinapanta Castro, Néstor Israel; Almeida, Mishell; Orbea, Andres F; Andrade, Domenica N; Flores Carrera, Jonathan; Yepez Vargas, Francisco; Carrasco, Mariela L · Meta Analysis
Both ashwagandha and meditation show potential to reduce cortisol levels and modulate stress-related appetite pathways including neuropeptide Y, ghrelin, and dopaminergic signaling.
Quinones, Daniel; Barrow, Michelle; Seidler, Karin · Systematic Review
SGLT2 inhibitors protect kidneys by restoring tubuloglomerular feedback and reducing renal injury, while GLP-1 RAs reduce oxidative stress and inflammation — both offering organ protection beyond glycemic control.
Rabbani, Syed Arman; El-Tanani, Mohamed; Kumar, Rakesh; Saini, Manita; El-Tanani, Yahia; Sharma, Shrestha; Aljabali, Alaa A A; Hajeer, Eman; Rizzo, Manfredi · Narrative Review
KNDy neurons integrate hormonal feedback (estrogen, progesterone, testosterone) and environmental cues to control GnRH pulse frequency and amplitude, making them central regulators of reproductive function.
Racková, Jana · Narrative Review
GLP-1 RA weight loss drug ads on social media employ specific discursive strategies that frame these medications in ways that shape public expectations and consumer decision-making.
Rad, J; Melendez-Torres, G J · Qualitative
Semax and its derivative improved behavioral performance and reduced amyloidosis in transgenic Alzheimer's mice, suggesting neuroprotective potential.
Radchenko, A I; Kuzubova, E V; Apostol, A A; Mitkevich, V A; Andreeva, L A; Limborska, S A; Stepenko, Yu V; Shmigerova, V S; Solin, A V; Korokin, M V; Pokrovskii, M V; Myasoedov, N F; Makarov, A A · Animal Study
Only 1.8% of 319,949 eligible adults initiated newer GLP-1 RA anti-obesity medications, with significant sociodemographic and clinical disparities in who starts treatment.
Radwan, Rotana M; Lee, Yao An; Kotecha, Pareeta; Wright, Davene R; Hernandez, Inmaculada; Ramon, Ronald; Donahoo, William T; Chen, Yong; Allen, John M; Bian, Jiang; Guo, Jingchuan · Observational
Same as published version: only 1.8% of 319,949 eligible adults initiated GLP-1 RA anti-obesity medications, with significant racial, socioeconomic, and geographic disparities.
Radwan, Rotana M; Lee, Yao An; Kotecha, Pareeta; Wright, Davene R; Hernandez, Inmaculada; Ramon, Ronald; Donahoo, William T; Chen, Yong; Allen, John M; Bian, Jiang; Guo, Jingchuan · Observational
GLP-1 receptor agonists show potential as an innovative treatment for obesity-related asthma through anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and weight-reduction mechanisms.
Radzik-Zając, Joanna · Narrative Review
SGLT2 inhibitors, non-steroidal MRAs, and GLP-1 receptor agonists have demonstrated benefits in landmark HFpEF trials, establishing the first effective treatment paradigm for this condition.
Rafei, Abdelghani El; Harrington, Josephine A; Tavares, Caio A M; Guimarães, Patrícia O; Ambrosy, Andrew P; Bonaca, Marc P; Sauer, Andrew J; Vardeny, Orly; Canonico, Mario Enrico · Narrative Review
Erenumab 140 mg monthly for 24 weeks improved depression, anxiety (HADS scores), and sleep quality (PSQI scores) in addition to reducing migraine frequency.
Raffaelli, Bianca; Thuraiaiyah, Janu; Christensen, Rune Häckert; Al-Khazali, Haidar M; Ashina, Håkan; Snellman, Josefin; Maio-Twofoot, Tina; Ashina, Messoud · Observational
HLA-E can present pathogen-derived peptides to CD8+ T cells, eliciting cytotoxic immune responses, and its minimal polymorphism makes it an ideal target for universally applicable vaccines and immunotherapies.
Rafieiyan, Mahsa; La Manna, Marco Pio; Dieli, Francesco; Caccamo, Nadia; Badami, Giusto Davide · Narrative Review
Zinc-coordinated tetrapeptide PB1 (with Trp-Trp sequence) self-assembles into nanostructures that, when functionalized with folic acid, selectively deliver chemotherapy to folic acid receptor-expressing cancer cells.
Raghul, Nanjundan; Lye, Anushree; Goswami, Bhagwat Giri; Nayak, Suman; Stewart, Adele; Lo, Rabindranath; Maity, Biswanath; Das, Priyadip · Laboratory
GLP-1 receptor agonists produce meaningful weight loss and metabolic improvements in PCOS patients, but serious adverse event concerns warrant further long-term safety investigation.
Rahim, Shaima; Pergolizzi, Joseph · Narrative Review
Hecate-FSH beta 33-53 C/S conjugate selectively killed FSHR-positive cancer cells (KGN granulosa tumor cells and FSHR-transfected HEK293 cells) while showing minimal toxicity to FSHR-negative controls.
Rahman, Nafis A; Chrusciel, Marcin; Ponikwicka-Tyszko, Donata; Pulawska-Moon, Kamila; Stelmaszewska, Joanna; Doroszko, Milena; Kreuzer, Oliver J; Rivero-Muller, Adolfo; Li, Xiangdong; Ziecik, Adam J; Wolczynski, Slawomir; Huhtaniemi, Ilpo · Laboratory
IP PACAP-38 significantly disrupted motion-induced thermoregulation (nausea proxy) in both sexes, increased postural sway in females, and caused balance deficits — comparable to known CGRP effects.
Rahman, Shafaqat M; Dweh, Abigail; Luebke, Anne E · Animal Study
Systemic CGRP modifies electrical potentials in both cochlear and vestibular end organs and increases auditory and vestibular sensory hypersensitivities.
Rahman, Shafaqat M; Faucher, Stefanie; Jonnala, Raajan; Holt, Joseph C; Lee, Choongheon; Luebke, Anne E · Animal Study
GLP-1 RAs benefit heart failure through multiple pathways: sympathetic nervous system modulation, anti-inflammatory signaling, oxidative stress protection, calcium handling improvement, natriuresis, and metabolic optimization.
Rahmani, Ali Reza; Dhaliwal, Simrat Kaur; Pastena, Paola; Kazakov, Eliot; Jayaseelan, Keerthana; Kalogeropoulos, Andreas · Narrative Review
Sacubitril/valsartan improved hemodynamic parameters of both pulmonary and systemic circulation compared to conventional ACE inhibitors/ARBs in patients with advanced heart failure awaiting transplantation.
Ráduly, Arnold Péter; Saman Kothalawala, Edward; Balogh, László; Majoros, Zsuzsanna; Pólik, Zsófia; Fülöp, László; Győry, Ferenc; Nagy, László; Bódi, Beáta; Kovács, Máté Balázs; Csanádi, Zoltán; Papp, Zoltán; Muk, Balázs; Borbély, Attila · Observational
Liraglutide-conjugated nanoparticles bind GLP-1 receptors on beta cells, increase insulin secretion from isolated islets, and show 2x greater pancreatic accumulation via intramuscular vs IV injection. Receptor-mediated internalization confirmed by confocal microscopy and elemental analysis.
Shapoval, Oleksandr; Engstová, Hana; Šlouf, Miroslav; Kočková, Olga; Dlasková, Andrea; Jabůrek, Martin; Halili, Aminadav; Mozheitová, Alexandra; Jirák, Daniel; Ježek, Petr; Horák, Daniel ·
Unsupervised rapid tirzepatide dose escalation in a 39-year-old without comorbidities caused life-threatening hypoglycemia, pancytopenia, electrolyte abnormalities, aspiration pneumonia, respiratory failure, septic shock, and multiorgan dysfunction requiring prolonged ICU stay.
Sharafeldin, Mahmoud; Alhamdan, Noor; Khaliq, Ayesha ·
STRING-MODEL analysis identified 29 relevant genes with GLP1R associations to DRD3, BDNF, CREB1, CRH, IL6, and DPP4. Enrichment analysis revealed connections between candidate genes and depressive phenotypes via dopaminergic signaling. GLP1R agonists may help addiction (hyperdopaminergia) but worsen depression/SI (hypodopaminergia).
Sharafshah, Alireza; Lewandrowski, Kai-Uwe; Gold, Mark S; Fuehrlein, Brian; Ashford, John Wesson; Thanos, Panayotis K; Wang, Gene Jack; Hanna, Colin; Cadet, Jean Lud; Gardner, Eliot L; Khalsa, Jag H; Braverman, Eric R; Baron, David; Elman, Igor; Dennen, Catherine A; Bowirrat, Abdalla; Pinhasov, Albert; Modestino, Edward J; Carney, Paul R; Cortese, Rene; Fiorelli, Rossano Kepler Alvim; Schmidt, Sergio; Pollack, Aryeh R; Badgaiyan, Rajendra D; Blum, Kenneth ·
Meuk7-3 blocks Kv1.3 via Lys19 interaction with Tyr447/797/1147/1497 in the channel pore. Three designed analogs showed improved binding stability and affinity. Meuk7-3A had the best drug-like properties and Kv1.3 binding among all tested peptides.
Shariati, Saeedeh; Mafakher, Ladan; Shirani, Maryam; Baradaran, Masoumeh ·
Compared to GLP-1 RA use, prior bariatric surgery before TKA was associated with significantly higher 90-day rates of periprosthetic fractures (RR 2.4, p=0.016), infections (RR 1.7, p=0.002), revisions (RR 1.9, p=0.005), cardiac events (RR 1.255, p<0.001), readmissions (RR 1.316, p=0.015), and ED visits (RR 1.2, p<0.001).
Sharma, Aadi; Lieu, Brigitte A; Velichala, Suhas R; Ernst, Brady; Satalich, James; Smith, Matthew; Golladay, Gregory J ·
Meta-analysis RR 0.72 (95% CI 0.610-0.832), indicating 28% reduced prostate cancer risk with GLP-1 RA use. Moderate heterogeneity (I²=51%). Consistent results in sensitivity analysis.
Sharma, Nikhil; Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli; Balaraman, Ashok Kumar; Roopashree, R; Kaur, Mandeep; Srivastava, Manish; Barwal, Amit; Prasad, G V Siva; Rajput, Pranchal; Syed, Rukshar; Sharma, Gajendra; Kumar, Sunil; Singh, Mahendra Pratap; Bushi, Ganesh; Chilakam, Nagavalli; Pandey, Sakshi; Brar, Manvinder; Mehta, Rachana; Sah, Sanjit; Gaidhane, Abhay M; Shabil, Muhammed ·
Median total midfacial volume decreased 9%, superficial 11%, deep 7%. Superficial volume loss correlated with weight loss (rho=0.590, p=0.006). Linear regression: 7% facial volume loss per 10 kg weight loss (p=0.029). Deep volume loss did not correlate with weight.
Sharma, Rahul K; Vittetoe, Kelly L; Barna, Alexander J; Takkouche, Sahar; Varelas, Antonios N; Yang, Shiayin F; Stephan, Scott J; Patel, Priyesh N ·
CGRP antagonists: highest p-score (0.71) for reducing monthly migraine days, SMD -0.38 vs placebo. CGRP mAbs: SMD -0.35 vs placebo. Triptans: most effective for acute pain, photophobia, phonophobia, nausea. Both active classes had increased adverse events.
Sharma, Rajat; Pandey, Ayush; Agarwal, Rachna; Tripathi, Shashank ·
P-12/AP-2/NCs crossed in vitro BBB, internalized in 3D GBM spheroids, mediated T cell cytotoxicity, selectively inhibited PD-1/PD-L1, increased inflammatory cytokines and T cell proliferation, showed significantly increased brain accumulation (2-6h post-injection), and were safe at low and high doses.
Sharma, Saurabh; Lee, David; Maity, Surjendu; Singh, Prabhjeet; Chadokiya, Jay; Mohaghegh, Neda; Hassani, Alireza; Kim, Hanjun; Gangarade, Ankit; Ljubimova, Julia Y; Kirane, Amanda; Holler, Eggehard ·
Atogepant significantly reduced MMDs vs placebo (SMD -0.39, 95% CI -0.45 to -0.33; p<0.00001; I²=0%). Also significantly reduced MHDs, monthly acute medication use days, and increased ≥50% MMD responder rates. Safety profile was acceptable.
Shaukat, Ayesha; Shakeel, Laiba; Riaz, Rumaisa; Ashraf, Saad; Akilimali, Aymar ·
Amyloid hydrogel achieved wound closure in 9 days (normal) and 15 days (diabetic rats). Enhanced cell migration, proliferation, collagen remodeling. Reduced inflammation while promoting angiogenesis and epidermal repair. H&E staining confirmed advanced regeneration.
Shaw, Ranjit; Patel, Komal; Chimthanawala, Niyamat M A; Sathaye, Sadhana; Maji, Samir K ·
264 adolescents; weight: 133→87 kg by year 2; %EWL peaked at 68%, declined to 63% by year 5. GLP-1/GIP attenuated over time. 62 patients with WR: semaglutide increased %EWL from 34% to 68% over 1 year. WR patients had larger gastric volumes and more pronounced incretin attenuation.
Shehata, Mohamed; Elhaddad, Ahmed; Mansour, Mohamed; Shehata, Sherif; El Attar, Ashraf ·
60% stable disease, 5% partial response, 35% progressive disease. Median PFS 24 months (overall). No grade 3/4 cytopenia or nephrotoxicity. Quality of life improved (declining symptom scores on QLQ-GINET21). 65% had ≥2 prior treatment lines.
Shekhda, Kalyan Mansukhbhai; Armeni, Eleni; Xu, Yiwang; D'afflitto, Manfredi; Hayes, Aimee; Mandair, Dalvinder; Yu, Dominic; Quigley, Ann-Marie; Navalkissoor, Shaunak; Gnanasegaran, Gopinath; Grossman, Ashley B; Caplin, Martyn; Toumpanakis, Christos; Khoo, Bernard ·
MiNEN with 60% grade 2 NET and 30% adenocarcinoma showed no FDG-PET avidity but intense DOTATATE avidity. Failed lanreotide (6 months). Achieved partial response with 4 cycles 177Lu-DOTATATE PRRT with no significant side effects.
Shekhda, Kalyan Mansukhbhai; Luong, Tu Vinh; Krell, Daniel; Navalkissoor, Shaunak; Paterson, Anna; Caplin, Martyn ·
SSTR antagonists bind more receptor sites and show prolonged tumor retention compared to agonists despite minimal internalization. [177Lu]Lu-satoreotide tetraxetan is the most extensively studied antagonist with accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence of efficacy and safety.
Shekhda, Kalyan Mansukhbhai; Navalkissoor, Shaunak ·
MR: OR 0.59 (95% CI 0.39-0.89, p=0.011); SMR: OR 0.48 (95% CI 0.27-0.86, p=0.013). Systematic review: GLP-1RA reduced DR incidence vs insulin therapy. Results from discovery and validation (FinnGen) cohorts combined via meta-analysis.
Shen, Baixuan; Wang, Wanying; Guo, Yuanhui; Chen, Zilong; Liu, Chuanxin; Huang, Jiarui; Li, Ying ·
Exendin-4 inhibits NTS NPY neurons indirectly via GABAb receptors by augmenting presynaptic GABA release. Chemogenetic activation of NTS NPY neurons counteracted exendin-4 anorexia. Chemogenetic inhibition of NTS NPY neurons mimicked exendin-4 eating suppression.
Shen, Jiayi; Wang, Mengtian; Pang, Guodong; Zhang, Yan; Zhang, Jian; Shi, Yuyan; Liu, Ji; Zhan, Cheng ·
Mean weight loss: -2.9 kg (95% CI -4.1 to -1.7) at 6 months, -4.2 kg (95% CI -5.5 to -2.9) at 12 months, -5% body weight at 12 months. No significant predictors of ≥5% weight loss in uni/multivariable analyses.
Shen, Sherry; Bethina Liu Md; Chad Fanti Md; Maria Bromberg Mph; Yuan Chen PhD; Cassandra Chang; Neil M Iyengar Md ·
Six applications beyond T2DM: obesity (strong evidence), cardiovascular protection (strong), kidney protection (strong), obstructive sleep apnea (emerging), MASLD (emerging), and substance use disorders (preliminary/variable). Cost and side effects limit access.
Sheth, Kyle; Kim, Stephanie; Porterfield, Laura; Virani, Salim S; Wadhwani, Shikha; Vaughan, Elizabeth M ·
CG1/A2xCD3 showed high binding affinity to CG1/HLA-A2, potent killing of HLA-A2+ primary AML and cell lines in vitro and in vivo, tumor- and antibody-dependent T cell activation and cytokine secretion, and no activity against normal bone marrow.
Shi, Chunhua; Tian, Ze; Yan, Jun; Zhang, Mao; Sukhumalchandra, Pariya; Chang, Edward; Yang, Guojun; You, Junping; Cui, Meng; Shi, Qing; Kerros, Celine; Philips, Anne; Qiao, Na; Torikai, Hiroki; Patchametla, Sathvik; Sergeeva, Anna; St John, Lisa; He, Helen; Wiederschain, Dmitri; Lee, Benjamin H; Paulus, Geraldine L C; Zha, Dongxing; Molldrem, Jeffrey; Alatrash, Gheath ·
Liraglutide reduced endometrial inflammation, collagen fibrosis, and EMT in IUA rat and human organoid models. NF-κB identified as a direct binding target of liraglutide. Blocking liraglutide-NF-κB interaction attenuated all protective effects.
Shi, Jie; Xu, Weicong; Yang, Tao; Bayijuma, Ayana; Huang, Yujie; Zhou, Yunxiao ·
Melittin identified as dominant BV component. BV prevented ECG and echo abnormalities, reversed morphological and histological heart changes, downregulated hypertrophy markers (β-MHC, ANP, BNP), ACE, and IL-1β, and inhibited JAK2/NF-κB signaling in ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
Shi, Peiying; Han, Shuo; Sun, Yang; Li, Mengmeng; Xu, Xueling ·