Explore studies of nasal peptides.
Single-dose intranasal NPY (6.8 mg) reduced MADRS by 10.3 points at 24h vs 5.6 for placebo (P=0.04, d=0.67) in MDD patients; effect not significant at 48h.
Mathé, Aleksander A; Michaneck, Miranda; Berg, Elisabeth; Charney, Dennis S; Murrough, James W · Rct
5-ALA and intranasal OXT both rescued ASD-like behaviors, but only 5-ALA corrected hippocampal oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction; both restored parvalbumin interneuron numbers.
Matsuo, Kazuya; Yabuki, Yasushi; Fukunaga, Kohji · Animal
Females have lower baseline NPY expression in multiple brain regions than males, with sex-dependent differences in NPY's anxiolytic and antidepressant effects and stress-responsive expression patterns.
Nahvi, Roxanna J; Sabban, Esther L · Review
Acute intranasal oxytocin focally enhanced limbic connectivity, while repeated 7-day dosing caused widespread brain connectivity reconfiguration with paradoxical reduction in social behavior.
Pagani, Marco; De Felice, Alessia; Montani, Caterina; Galbusera, Alberto; Papaleo, Francesco; Gozzi, Alessandro · Animal Study
Intranasal oxytocin (16-40 IU/day for 3 months) improved social behavior and stabilized eating behavior in boys with PWS and in children with the deletion genotype, with no overall group effects.
Damen, Layla; Grootjen, Lionne N; Juriaans, Alicia F; Donze, Stephany H; Huisman, T Martin; Visser, Jenny A; Delhanty, Patric J D; Hokken-Koelega, Anita C S · Rct
Intranasal delivery of insulin and glucagon-like peptides demonstrates improved therapeutic levels and patient compliance, with drugs transported through epithelial tight junctions via the paracellular route.
Dholakia, Jheel; Prabhakar, Bala; Shende, Pravin · Review
Intranasal oxytocin was anxiolytic for VPA males but anxiogenic for VPA females. In both sexes, oxytocin impaired social interactions in the sociability test and failed to improve sociosexual deficits. Prenatal VPA produced sex-specific behavioral deficits.
Harding, Shannon M; Masters, Ellen C; D'Agata, Christina M; Agudelo Rivera, Aura C; Smith, Emma C · Preclinical Animal Study
Meta-analysis of 28 studies (N=726 ASD patients) found oxytocin had beneficial effects on social functioning but no strong evidence for improvement in non-social domains. Multilevel meta-analytic model used.
Huang, Yi; Huang, Xin; Ebstein, Richard P; Yu, Rongjun · Meta Analysis
Oxytocin modulated 54 effective connectivity links among 15 brain regions, increasing both within- and between-network interactions in emotion, reward, salience, attention, and social cognition networks, with sex-dependent effects favoring males.
Jiang, Xi; Ma, Xiaole; Geng, Yayuan; Zhao, Zhiying; Zhou, Feng; Zhao, Weihua; Yao, Shuxia; Yang, Shimin; Zhao, Zhongbo; Becker, Benjamin; Kendrick, Keith M · Neuroimaging Study (FMRI Meta Analysis)
POGZWT/Q1038R mice showed social deficits and reduced OXTR expression. POGZ binds to the OXTR promoter region, regulating its transcription. OXT neuron numbers in PVN were unchanged. Intranasal oxytocin effectively restored social behavior in POGZ mutant mice.
Kitagawa, Kohei; Matsumura, Kensuke; Baba, Masayuki; Kondo, Momoka; Takemoto, Tomoya; Nagayasu, Kazuki; Ago, Yukio; Seiriki, Kaoru; Hayata-Takano, Atsuko; Kasai, Atsushi; Takuma, Kazuhiro; Hashimoto, Ryota; Hashimoto, Hitoshi; Nakazawa, Takanobu · Animal
Intranasal AaTs-1 significantly reduced pain hypersensitivity and neuroinflammation while preventing morpho-functional alterations in spinal cord neurons and glial cells in a formalin-induced chronic pain model.
Pagano, Salvatore; Limongelli, Rebecca; Moslah, Wassim; Saada, Mohamed-Chiheb; Manzo, Iolanda; Bonsale, Roozbe; Teweldemedhin, Milena Melake; Fusco, Antimo; Guida, Francesca; Belardo, Carmela; Morace, Andrea Maria; Perrone, Michela; Ricciardi, Federica; Pierretti, Gorizio; Vastarella, Maria Giovanna; Infantino, Rosmara; Srairi-Abid, Najet; Maione, Sabatino; Palazzo, Enza; Luongo, Livio · Animal Study