The effect of oxytocin nasal spray on social interaction deficits observed in young children with autism: a randomized clinical crossover trial.

Oxytocin nasal spray administered at 24 IU per day for five weeks significantly improved caregiver-rated social responsiveness in young children with autism compared to placebo. The treatment was well tolerated with mild side effects such as thirst, increased urination, and constipation.

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial was conducted with 31 young children diagnosed with autism. Participants received oxytocin nasal spray and placebo each for five weeks, separated by a four-week washout period. Social responsiveness was assessed by caregiver ratings.

This study provides early clinical evidence that oxytocin nasal spray may be a promising intervention to improve social deficits in young children with autism, a population with limited treatment options.

The study sample size was relatively small, and the evidence strength and long-term effects remain unclear. Further larger and longer-term studies are needed to confirm efficacy and safety.