Peptide Semaglutide Research

The blood pressure-lowering property of subcutaneous semaglutide: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.

Ala, Moein · 2025

Systematic review confirms subcutaneous semaglutide significantly reduces blood pressure, providing an additional cardiovascular benefit beyond weight and glucose effects..

Assessing the shadows: A meta-analysis of GLP-1 agonists and suicidal ideation.

Alansari, Amal Omar · 2025

Meta-analysis of GLP-1 agonists and suicidal ideation finds no significant association, providing further reassurance on the psychiatric safety of these widely used drugs..

Evaluating bowel obstruction and ileus events in patients on GLP-1 receptor agonists: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Alfehaid, Lama · 2025

Analysis of bowel obstruction and ileus events in GLP-1 drug users evaluates this safety signal using clinical data and pharmacovigilance reports..

The pleiotropic effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: a review for gastroenterologists.

Alkhouri, Naim · 2025

Review of GLP-1 drug pleiotropic effects in heart failure covers anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and metabolic mechanisms that benefit HF patients beyond glucose control..

Association of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and diabetic retinopathy (DR) - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Alwafi, Hassan · 2025

Large-scale population analysis of GLP-1 drug association with major cardiovascular events confirms significant reduction in heart attack, stroke, and cardiovascular death..

Once-Weekly Semaglutide Versus Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors: Real-World Impact on Weight, HbA1c, and Healthcare Resource Utilization in Type 2 Diabetes (PAUSE).

Amamoo, James · 2025

Head-to-head comparison of once-weekly semaglutide versus SGLT2 inhibitors in T2D found semaglutide superior for HbA1c and weight loss with different safety profiles..

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists on cardiovascular events and risk factors: A review and network meta-analysis.

An, Xuedong · 2025

Analysis of GLP-1 receptor agonist effects on cancer outcomes examines whether these metabolic drugs influence cancer risk, progression, or mortality..

Effect of semaglutide on kidney function across different levels of baseline HbA1c, blood pressure, body weight and albuminuria in SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6.

Apperloo, Ellen M · 2025

Analysis of semaglutide effects on kidney function across different baseline levels confirms renal benefits regardless of starting kidney status..

Semaglutide in patients with overweight or obesity and chronic kidney disease without diabetes: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Apperloo, Ellen M · 2025

Semaglutide showed efficacy and safety in overweight/obese patients with CKD, supporting its use in this high-risk population with significant unmet need..

Similar weight loss with semaglutide regardless of diabetes and cardiometabolic risk parameters in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Post hoc analysis of three randomised controlled trials.

Armstrong, Matthew J · 2025

Analysis shows semaglutide achieves similar weight loss whether or not patients have diabetes or cardiovascular disease, supporting its universal applicability for obesity..

Tirzepatide as Compared with Semaglutide for the Treatment of Obesity.

Aronne, Louis J · 2025

Head-to-head comparison of tirzepatide vs semaglutide for obesity treatment finds tirzepatide produces greater weight loss, establishing dual agonism superiority..

Effect of Semaglutide on Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adolescents With Obesity: The STEP TEENS Study.

Arslanian, Silva · 2025

Study of semaglutide effects on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors confirms improvements across multiple metabolic parameters during weight management..

Semaglutide in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Emerging Evidence and Clinical Implications.

Arty, Fnu · 2025

Review of semaglutide emerging role in HFpEF covers STEP-HFpEF trial evidence, mechanisms of benefit, and clinical implementation for heart failure with preserved function..

Safety profile of semaglutide versus placebo in the SELECT study: a randomized controlled trial.

Kushner, Robert F · 2025

In the massive SELECT cardiovascular outcomes trial, semaglutide 2.4 mg weekly was actually safer overall than placebo for serious adverse events: 33.4% of semaglutide patients had SAEs versus 36.4% on placebo (p<0.001), driven largely by fewer cardiac events (11.5% vs 13.5%). However, more patients stopped semaglutide due to side effects (16.6% vs 8.2%), with gastrointestinal problems being the main reason (10.0% vs 2.0%).

Semaglutide in Patients with Obesity and Heart Failure Irrespective of Their Baseline Ejection Fraction: An Efficacy and Safety Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Otmani, Zina · 2025

Semaglutide reduced cardiovascular mortality by 26% overall (RR 0.74), with a 34% reduction in HFrEF patients..

Effects of semaglutide in obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction across the age spectrum: Findings from the STEP-HFpEF programme.

Pandey, Ambarish · 2025

CKD doubled heart failure event rates, but tirzepatide benefits were consistent across kidney function levels.

Frailty and Effects of Semaglutide in Obesity-Related HFpEF: Findings From the STEP-HFpEF Program.

Pandey, Ambarish · 2025

Semaglutide's efficacy in obesity-related HFpEF was consistent across frailty subgroups, and semaglutide treatment itself improved frailty status — a novel and clinically significant finding..

Therapeutic Potential of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) in Obese Patients.

Patel, Ravi · 2025

In STEP-HFpEF and SUMMIT trials, semaglutide and tirzepatide achieved 13.3% and 13.9% weight reduction, 21.5m and 26m improvements in 6MWD, 19.5 and 16.6 point KCCQ-CSS improvements, and 38.8% and 43.5% CRP reductions in obese HFpEF patients..

Temporal and subgroup disparities in mediation effects on cardiovascular outcomes with liraglutide and semaglutide: a post-hoc analysis of LEADER and SUSTAIN-6 trials.

Peng, Zi-Yang · 2025

HbA1c, UACR, and systolic blood pressure only partially mediate GLP-1 RA cardiovascular benefits, with time-varying effects that differ between liraglutide and semaglutide and across patient subgroups..

Focus on Semaglutide 2.4 mg/week for the Treatment of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis.

Petta, Salvatore · 2025

Semaglutide 2.4 mg/week achieved significant improvements in hepatic steatosis, MASH resolution, and fibrosis reduction in phase 2 and 3 trials, leading to conditional US approval..

Effects of Semaglutide on Heart Failure Outcomes in Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease in the FLOW Trial.

Pratley, Richard E · 2024

Semaglutide reduced the composite outcome of heart failure events or cardiovascular death (HR 0.73, meaning a 27% reduction, p = 0.0005).

Effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on weight and cardiovascular outcomes: A review.

Raza, Fatima Ali · 2024

GLP-1 receptor agonists work by mimicking the natural gut hormone GLP-1, which reduces appetite and slows stomach emptying.

Kidney effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP1): from molecular foundations to a pharmacophysiological perspective.

Rico-Fontalvo, Jorge · 2024

GLP-1 receptor agonists protect kidneys through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic mechanisms, with clinical data from the FLOW trial confirming semaglutide slows kidney disease progression..

Evaluating the safety profile of semaglutide: an updated meta-analysis.

Rivera, Frederick Berro · 2024

Semaglutide does not increase cardiovascular adverse events or mortality but is associated with higher rates of gastrointestinal side effects compared to placebo..

Semaglutide vs Tirzepatide for Weight Loss in Adults With Overweight or Obesity.

Rodriguez, Patricia J · 2024

Tirzepatide produced greater on-treatment weight loss than semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity in a real-world clinical setting, with comparable gastrointestinal side effect rates..

Efficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg by race and ethnicity: A post hoc analysis of three randomized controlled trials.

Rubino, Domenica · 2024

Semaglutide 2.4 mg produced significant and consistent weight loss across racial and ethnic subgroups in the STEP trials, with comparable safety profiles..

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide reduces atrial fibrillation incidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Saglietto, Andrea · 2024

Semaglutide reduced incident atrial fibrillation by 42% (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40–0.85) with no heterogeneity across studies (I² = 0%).

Using Second-Generation Anti-Obesity Medications.

Schmitz, Sarah H · 2024

Second-generation anti-obesity medications achieve ~15% average weight loss with lifestyle modifications.

Disproportionality Analysis From World Health Organization Data on Semaglutide, Liraglutide, and Suicidality.

Schoretsanitis, Georgios · 2024

Significant disproportionality was detected for semaglutide-associated suicidal ideation (ROR 1.45, 95% CI 1.18-1.77).

Semaglutide and NYHA Functional Class in Obesity-Related Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: The STEP-HFpEF Program.

Schou, Morten · 2024

Semaglutide improved NYHA class in 32.6% vs 21.5% placebo (OR 2.20, P<0.001).

The Effect of Semaglutide on Mortality and COVID-19-Related Deaths: An Analysis From the SELECT Trial.

Scirica, Benjamin M · 2024

Semaglutide 2.4 mg vs placebo reduced all-cause death (HR 0.81, CI 0.71-0.93), non-CV death (HR 0.77, CI 0.62-0.95), and infectious death (HR 0.71, CI 0.51-0.98).

Semaglutide and diuretic use in obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a pooled analysis of the STEP-HFpEF and STEP-HFpEF-DM trials.

Shah, Sanjiv J · 2024

Weight loss consistent across diuretic groups (-6.9% to -8.8%, interaction P=0.39).

Approved and Emerging Hormone-Based Anti-Obesity Medications: A Review Article.

Sidrak, Wael R · 2024

The evolution from single-target GLP-1 drugs to dual and triple receptor agonists is producing dramatically greater weight loss: tirzepatide (GIP/GLP-1) achieves 17.8% and retatrutide (GLP-1/GCG/GIP tri-agonist) achieves 22.1% placebo-subtracted weight reduction..

Current Understanding of Sodium N-(8-[2-Hydroxylbenzoyl] Amino) Caprylate (SNAC) as an Absorption Enhancer: The Oral Semaglutide Experience.

Solis-Herrera, Carolina · 2024

SNAC technology works by three mechanisms: raising local gastric pH to protect semaglutide from acid degradation, shielding the peptide from enzymatic breakdown, and enhancing transcellular absorption across the stomach epithelium — together enabling clinically effective oral delivery of a GLP-1 receptor agonist..

Effect of Semaglutide on Cardiac Structure and Function in Patients With Obesity-Related Heart Failure.

Solomon, Scott D · 2024

Semaglutide 2.4 mg weekly significantly reduced left atrial volume progression (-6.13 mL vs placebo, p=0.0013), right ventricular enlargement (RV end-diastolic area -1.99 cm², p=0.016), and improved diastolic filling parameters (E-wave velocity -5.63 cm/s, p=0.0037; E/A ratio -0.14, p=0.0075) over 52 weeks..

Molecular mechanisms of semaglutide and liraglutide as a therapeutic option for obesity.

Tamayo-Trujillo, Rafael · 2024

Semaglutide and liraglutide act through five key molecular pathways: appetite regulation via hypothalamic signaling, enhanced insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, increased energy expenditure, and improved lipid metabolism..

Effects of Once-Weekly Semaglutide on Kidney Disease Outcomes by KDIGO Risk Category in the SUSTAIN 6 Trial.

Tuttle, Katherine R · 2024

Once-weekly semaglutide improved kidney disease outcomes consistently across all KDIGO risk categories in SUSTAIN 6 participants with T2D and cardiovascular disease or high CV risk..

Atrial Fibrillation and Semaglutide Effects in Obesity-Related Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: STEP-HFpEF Program.

Verma, Subodh · 2024

Semaglutide 2.4 mg improved HFpEF outcomes regardless of AF status, with greater symptom improvements in AF patients (KCCQ-CSS +11.5 vs +4.3 points; P interaction=0.001)..

Efficacy of Semaglutide by Sex in Obesity-Related Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: STEP-HFpEF Trials.

Verma, Subodh · 2024

Semaglutide 2.4 mg produced greater weight loss in women vs men (-9.6% vs -7.2%, P interaction=0.006) but equivalent HF symptom improvements (KCCQ-CSS ~+7.5 points) in obesity-related HFpEF..

Inflammation in Obesity-Related HFpEF: The STEP-HFpEF Program.

Verma, Subodh · 2024

Semaglutide reduced CRP independently of baseline inflammation level and weight loss magnitude in obesity-related HFpEF, suggesting direct anti-inflammatory effects beyond weight reduction..

Obesity and Weight Loss Strategies for Patients With Heart Failure.

Vest, Amanda R · 2024

GLP-1 agonists (semaglutide) are confirmed safe and effective for weight loss in obesity-related HFpEF, but evidence for safety in advanced HFrEF is limited and warrants caution..

Psychiatric Safety of Semaglutide for Weight Management in People Without Known Major Psychopathology: Post Hoc Analysis of the STEP 1, 2, 3, and 5 Trials.

Wadden, Thomas A · 2024

Semaglutide 2.4 mg did not increase depression (PHQ-9 treatment difference -0.56, p<0.001) or suicidal ideation (≤1% both groups) vs placebo across STEP 1, 2, 3, and 5 trials in participants without major psychopathology..

Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide monotherapy vs placebo in a predominantly Chinese population with type 2 diabetes (PIONEER 11): a double-blind, Phase IIIa, randomised trial.

Wang, Weiqing · 2024

Oral semaglutide significantly reduced HbA1c at all doses (3, 7, 14 mg) and body weight at 7 and 14 mg vs.

Association of Semaglutide With Tobacco Use Disorder in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes : Target Trial Emulation Using Real-World Data.

Wang, William · 2024

Semaglutide was associated with significantly lower tobacco use disorder-related healthcare encounters (HR 0.68-0.88), cessation medication prescriptions, and cessation counseling compared to seven other diabetes drugs, with effects emerging within 30 days..

Associations of semaglutide with incidence and recurrence of alcohol use disorder in real-world population.

Wang, William · 2024

Semaglutide was associated with 50-56% lower risk for both incidence and recurrence of alcohol use disorder compared to other anti-obesity medications, consistent across demographic subgroups and replicated in a T2D cohort..

Associations of semaglutide with first-time diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: Target trial emulation using nationwide real-world data in the US.

Wang, William · 2024

Semaglutide was associated with 40-70% reduced risk of first-time Alzheimer's diagnosis compared to seven other diabetes medications in 1,094,761 T2D patients, including a 41% lower risk vs.

Comparative Efficacy of Semaglutide Versus Liraglutide or Efinopegdutide on Weight Loss in Obese Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Wen, Jimmy · 2024

Semaglutide produced significantly greater weight loss than liraglutide in obese non-diabetic patients, but did not show a significant difference compared to efinopegdutide, with all drugs demonstrating primarily mild-to-moderate GI adverse events..

Semaglutide Versus Other Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists for Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Wen, Jimmy · 2024

Semaglutide showed significantly greater weight loss than liraglutide (mean difference -6.08 kg, 95% CI -8.40 to -3.75) in T2DM patients, while tirzepatide produced significantly greater weight loss than semaglutide (mean difference -3.78 kg, 95% CI -5.52 to -2.04)..

Seven glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists for weight loss in patients with obesity or overweight: an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Xie, Zeyu · 2024

Retatrutide 12mg (−22.1% body weight, −17cm waist) and tirzepatide 15mg (−16.5%) were the most effective weight loss treatments.

Real-world safety profile of once-weekly semaglutide in people with type 2 diabetes: Analysis of pooled data from the SemaglUtide Real-world Evidence (SURE) programme.

Yale, Jean-François · 2024

Among 3,505 T2D patients in real-world practice, once-weekly semaglutide showed 24.3% AE rate (mostly mild GI), 5.1% discontinuation rate, 0.5% serious ADRs, and 0.1% severe hypoglycemia — consistent with phase 3 RCT safety data..

Effectiveness and safety of semaglutide in overweight/obese adults with or without type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Yang, Liu · 2024

Meta-analysis of RCTs confirmed semaglutide significantly reduces body weight in overweight/obese adults with or without T2DM compared to placebo, with consistent effects across multiple anthropometric and metabolic outcomes..

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Semaglutide: A Systematic Review.

Yang, Xi-Ding · 2024

Semaglutide has a predictable pharmacokinetic profile with a long half-life supporting once-weekly subcutaneous dosing.

Semaglutide for the prevention of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Zhang, Hong-Da · 2024

Semaglutide reduced atrial fibrillation occurrence by 30% overall (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.52-0.95), with subgroup benefits of 51% reduction with oral semaglutide and 29% in T2DM patients..

Time-Efficacy Relationship of Semaglutide in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Model-Based Meta-Analysis.

Zhang, Ke · 2024

Semaglutide 0.5 mg achieved Emax of -1.58% HbA1c reduction and 1 mg achieved -1.87%, with a rebound rate of 0.018 after peak efficacy.

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Semaglutide in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis.

Zhang, Lin · 2024

Oral semaglutide 14 mg reduced HbA1c by 1.08% vs placebo and 0.37% vs active comparators, with dose-dependent efficacy.

Efficacy and safety of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Li, Jingxin · 2021

Oral semaglutide vs placebo: reduced HbA1c, weight, FPG, SMPG, serious adverse events, and all-cause death.

Effects of semaglutide on risk of cardiovascular events across a continuum of cardiovascular risk: combined post hoc analysis of the SUSTAIN and PIONEER trials.

Husain, Mansoor · 2020

Prior cardiovascular outcome trials showed semaglutide reduced MACE (major adverse cardiovascular events: CV death, non-fatal stroke, non-fatal MI) in high-risk patients.

Semaglutide (SUSTAIN and PIONEER) reduces cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes across varying cardiovascular risk.

Husain, Mansoor · 2020

Combining individual patient-level data from SUSTAIN 6 (injectable semaglutide) and PIONEER 6 (oral semaglutide) versus placebo: Overall MACE: HR 0.76 (95% CI 0.62-0.92), a 24% reduction.

The effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists liraglutide and semaglutide on cardiovascular and renal outcomes across baseline blood pressure categories: Analysis of the LEADER and SUSTAIN 6 trials.

Leiter, Lawrence A · 2020

No statistical heterogeneity in cardiovascular (MACE) or nephropathy outcomes across blood pressure categories for either liraglutide or semaglutide vs placebo..

Glycaemic and non-glycaemic efficacy of once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonists in people with type 2 diabetes.

Patel, Dhiren · 2020

Semaglutide subcutaneous was superior to dulaglutide and exenatide ER for HbA1c and weight reduction in head-to-head trials, with both semaglutide and dulaglutide showing cardiovascular and renal benefits..

Cardiovascular Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: a Review for the General Cardiologist.

Patel, Kershaw V · 2020

GLP-1 RAs (liraglutide, semaglutide, albiglutide, dulaglutide) reduce MACE in T2DM patients with CV disease, while DPP-4 inhibitors show CV safety but no MACE benefit, with saxagliptin increasing HF risk..

Safety of injectable semaglutide for type 2 diabetes.

Peter, Rajesh · 2020

Semaglutide demonstrated cardiovascular superiority in SUSTAIN 6, with a safety profile typical of GLP-1RAs.

Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment (PIONEER 5): a placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 3a trial.

Mosenzon, Ofri · 2019

At 26 weeks, oral semaglutide 14 mg reduced HbA1c by 1.0 percentage point versus 0.2 for placebo (treatment difference: -0.8 percentage points; p<0.0001).

Association of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist with Progression to Liver Cirrhosis and Alcohol-Related Admissions in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder and Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Al-Moussally, Feras · 2025

GLP-1 RA use associated with reduced progression to liver transplant in NAFLD/NASH patients, supporting hepatoprotective benefits of these peptide drugs..

The Effectiveness of Semaglutide on a Composite Endpoint of Glycemic Control and Weight Reduction and Its Effect on Lipid Profile Among Obese Type 2 Diabetes Patients.

Alarfaj, Sumaiah J · 2025

Study evaluating semaglutide on a composite endpoint of glycemic control and weight management found it effective at achieving both goals simultaneously in T2D patients..

GLP-1 Agonists in Aesthetic Surgery: Implications for Perioperative Outcomes and Body Contouring Procedures.

Albanese, Roberta · 2025

Review of GLP-1 agonist implications for aesthetic surgery covers preoperative considerations, anesthesia impacts, wound healing, and body contouring outcomes..

Changes in liver enzymes and cardiometabolic markers in individuals with obesity and metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis treated with semaglutide.

Albarmawi, Husam · 2025

Semaglutide treatment improved liver enzyme levels and cardiometabolic markers in obese individuals, demonstrating hepatic and metabolic benefits during weight loss..

Medication Adherence to Semaglutide versus Empagliflozin in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Observational Study in Saudi Arabia.

Ali, Mostafa A S · 2025

Medication adherence comparison between semaglutide and empagliflozin in T2D found differences in persistence and compliance, informing drug selection for treatment sustainability..

The multifaceted effects of semaglutide: exploring its broad therapeutic applications.

Alkhatib, Mesk · 2025

Review explores semaglutide's expanding therapeutic applications beyond diabetes and obesity, covering cardiovascular, neurological, hepatic, and renal benefits..

Is Semaglutide a Safer Weight-Management Option Than Bariatric Surgery for Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA)?

Alpert, Zoe · 2025

Analysis compares semaglutide safety with bariatric surgery for weight management, evaluating whether the drug is a safer alternative for obese patients..

Effects of Semaglutide on Glycemic Control and Body Weight in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Primary Care Setting.

Alzahrani, Mahmoud · 2025

Study of semaglutide effects on glycemic control and body weight in diverse T2D populations confirms consistent efficacy across different patient demographics..

Semaglutide and non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy: Review and interpretation of reported association.

Amini, Abdullah · 2025

Comprehensive review of semaglutide and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy synthesizes all available evidence on this potential GLP-1 drug eye safety concern..

A Descriptive Analysis from VigiAccess on Drug-related Problems Associated with the Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists.

Amirthalingam, Palanisamy · 2025

Descriptive analysis from VigiAccess global pharmacovigilance database characterizes drug-related problems associated with semaglutide across international reporting systems..

Comparing the risk of gastroparesis following different modalities for treating obesity: semaglutide versus bupropion-naltrexone versus sleeve gastrectomy - a retrospective cohort study.

Aneke-Nash, Chino · 2025

Comparison of gastroparesis risk across different weight loss modalities including GLP-1 drugs and bariatric surgery helps quantify this GI complication by treatment approach..

The effect of obesity pharmacotherapy on body composition, including muscle mass.

Argyrakopoulou, Georgia · 2025

Review of obesity pharmacotherapy effects on body composition examines how GLP-1 and related drugs affect muscle mass, fat distribution, and bone density during weight loss..

Semaglutide Versus Empagliflozin in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study With 18 Months of Follow-Up (SEMPA18).

Aristizabal-Colorado, David · 2025

Direct comparison of semaglutide and empagliflozin in uncontrolled T2D found distinct efficacy profiles for blood sugar, weight, and cardiometabolic outcomes..

High-Dose Semaglutide (Up to 16 mg) in People With Type 2 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Trial.

Aroda, Vanita R · 2025

Study of high-dose semaglutide up to 16 mg in T2D patients explores whether doses beyond current approvals provide additional metabolic and weight benefits..

Effects of semaglutide on one-year medical costs among patients with obesity or overweight in US real world setting.

Arora, Prachi · 2025

One-year analysis shows semaglutide reduces total medical costs in obese patients through fewer hospitalizations, ER visits, and complications despite high drug cost..

Efficacy and Safety of GLP- 1 Receptor Agonists in the Management of Weight Recurrence or Suboptimal Clinical Response after Undergoing Metabolic Bariatric Surgeries: A Meta-Analysis.

Arrowaili, Arief · 2025

Comprehensive review of GLP-1 drug efficacy and safety for weight management covers semaglutide, liraglutide, and emerging agents with real-world outcome data..

Contemporary treatment patterns of overweight and obesity: insights from the Mass General Brigham health care system.

Ostrominski, John W · 2025

Only 1.4% of the 1.1 million patients eligible for anti-obesity medications were actually prescribed them..

Trends in Utilization of Glucose- and Weight-Lowering Medications After Tirzepatide Approval in the United States : A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Ostrominski, John W · 2025

Tirzepatide reached 12.3% of diabetes medication dispensations and 40.6% of weight-loss medication dispensations within about 18 months of market entry..

Effectiveness for adding or switching from other incretin-related drugs to oral semaglutide in type 2 diabetes.

Oya, Junko · 2025

Oral semaglutide reduced HbA1c by 0.85% in naive patients, 0.67% in DPP-4i switchers, and 0.13% in GLP-1 RA switchers..

Effects of weight-loss interventions on bone health in people living with obesity.

Paccou, Julien · 2025

All weight-loss interventions increase bone turnover; bariatric surgery is worst for bone health.

Real-World Analysis of Short-Term Effectiveness of Oral Semaglutide: Impact on Glycometabolic Control and Cardiovascular Risk.

Palazzi, Sara · 2025

Oral semaglutide produced significant short-term reductions in HbA1c and body weight, along with improvements in cardiovascular risk markers, in a real-world type 2 diabetes population..

A Short-Term Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Tirzepatide Versus Semaglutide for the Treatment of Obesity in Greece.

Papantoniou, Panagiotis · 2025

Tirzepatide cost €5,646 vs semaglutide €3,202 over 72 weeks.

Cost-effectiveness of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus liraglutide 3 mg for the treatment of obesity in Greece.

Papantoniou, Panagiotis · 2025

Semaglutide 2.4 mg yielded an ICER of €12,724 per QALY gained versus liraglutide 3 mg.

Real-world evaluation of the efficacy and safety of switching from weekly dulaglutide to weekly semaglutide: The SEMA-SWITCH study.

Pardo Lozano, Felipe · 2025

After switching from dulaglutide to semaglutide, patients achieved additional HbA1c reductions of -0.43% (6 mo), -0.54% (12 mo), -0.38% (18 mo), and additional weight loss of -2.7 kg (6 mo), -3.7 kg (12 mo), -5.4 kg (18 mo), -4.2 kg (24 mo), with no significant increase in adverse effects..

Semaglutide promotes bone marrow-derived progenitor cell flux toward an anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative profile in high-risk patients: the SEMA-VR CardioLink-15 trial.

Park, Brady · 2025

Semaglutide increased VR cells +34.8% (vs +0.8% usual care, p=0.036), endothelial precursors +66.2% (vs -2.3%, p=0.037), and reduced granulocyte precursors -50.8% (vs +0.3%, p=0.002).

Comparative Effectiveness of Semaglutide, Liraglutide, Orlistat, and Phentermine for Weight Loss in Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review.

Patel, Jay P · 2025

All four agents provide weight loss benefits through distinct mechanisms.

GLP-1 receptor agonists and alcohol use disorder: a systematic review.

Patel, Sheel · 2025

Semaglutide reduced alcohol use; dulaglutide lowered intake in current drinkers; exenatide showed no significant effect on heavy drinking days.

Effects of Semaglutide Treatment on Psoriatic Lesions in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Open-Label, Randomized Clinical Trial.

Petković-Dabić, Jelena · 2025

Semaglutide reduced serum pro-inflammatory factors (CRP, cytokines, homocysteine) and improved psoriatic lesion severity in obese patients with type 2 diabetes..

A GLP1R gene variant and sex influence the response to semaglutide treatment in patients with severe obesity.

Phan, Aurélie · 2025

GLP1R rs6923761 GG homozygotes lost 1.64%/month vs.

Semaglutide: Double-edged Sword with Risks and Benefits.

Pillarisetti, Lekha · 2025

Semaglutide provides multi-system benefits (glycemic control, weight loss, cardiovascular protection, potential neuroprotection) but carries risks including pancreatitis and anesthetic complications..

Real-World Comparison of Oral Versus Injectable Semaglutide for the Reduction of Hemoglobin A1C and Weight in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Pinto, Maria · 2025

First real-world comparison of oral vs.

Factors Associated With Semaglutide Initiation Among Adults With Obesity.

Podolsky, Meghan I · 2025

Identified demographic and clinical factors associated with semaglutide initiation for obesity in commercially insured adults without diabetes..

GLP-1 receptor agonists and GIP/GLP-1 co-agonists in the treatment of obesity in adolescents and the elderly.

Pérez López, Gilberto · 2025

GLP-1 RAs and tirzepatide show promising efficacy and safety in adolescent and elderly obesity populations, though evidence is more limited than in middle-aged adults..

Efficacy of once-weekly semaglutide in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Pérez-Velasco, Miguel A · 2025

Once-weekly semaglutide 1.0 mg improved health status and reduced body weight in real-world patients with HFpEF, obesity, and type 2 diabetes versus controls..

Adverse events in different administration routes of semaglutide: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Niu, Kaibin · 2024

Analysis of 22,287 adverse event reports from the FDA's FAERS database revealed distinct side effect profiles depending on whether semaglutide was given by injection or taken orally.

Impact of semaglutide and dulaglutide shortages on Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme prescriptions supplied for type 2 diabetes treatment.

Phakey, Sachin · 2024

When semaglutide supply shortages hit Australia in 2022, prescriptions dropped 17% while dulaglutide prescriptions surged 53% as doctors switched patients to the available alternative.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes: Emerging evidence of benefit of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors agonists and incretin-based therapies.

Pramanik, Subhodip · 2024

PPAR agonists work by making cells more sensitive to insulin.

Antidiabetic Treatment and Prevention of Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review.

Prentza, Vasiliki · 2024

Among diabetes medications studied for stroke prevention, GLP-1 receptor agonists (specifically semaglutide and dulaglutide) reduced the risk of ischemic stroke in people with type 2 diabetes.

NOVEL AGENTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES AND RISK OF WORSENING DIABETIC RETINOPATHY.

Rajagopal, Rithwick · 2024

In the SUSTAIN-6 cardiovascular outcome trial, semaglutide was associated with approximately 75% increased risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) worsening.

Sweetening the deal: an infodemiological study of worldwide interest in semaglutide using Google Trends extended for health application programming interface.

Raubenheimer, Jacques Eugene · 2024

Semaglutide search interest increased dramatically from 2022 onward across most of the 27 countries studied.

Efficacy and safety of semaglutide in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity.

Rehman, Ayesha · 2024

Semaglutide produced significant improvements in patients with HFpEF and obesity: - 6-minute walk distance: improved by 15.1 meters vs placebo (95% CI 5.8-24.4, p = 0.002) - Body weight: reduced by 2.9% vs placebo (95% CI -4.1 to -1.7, p = 0.001) - C-reactive protein: reduced (indicating lower inflammation) - Several secondary clinical endpoints also improved - Adverse events: generally well-tolerated with no unexpected safety concerns.

Assessing the Renal Outcomes of Semaglutide in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.

Rehman, Shuja Ur · 2024

Albuminuria was more consistently reduced by semaglutide than eGFR.

Long-Term Assessment of Weight Loss Medications in a Veteran Population.

Rodriguez, Allison D · 2024

Semaglutide and phentermine/topiramate showed the most consistent long-term weight loss among veterans, with data extending up to 48 months..

Transforming body composition with semaglutide in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Rodríguez Jiménez, Beatriz · 2024

Both oral and subcutaneous semaglutide significantly reduced fat mass and improved metabolic parameters in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes over 24 weeks..

Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Suicidal Ideation: Analysis of Real-Word Data Collected in the European Pharmacovigilance Database.

Ruggiero, Rosanna · 2024

Disproportionality analysis of the European Pharmacovigilance database found no elevated signal for suicidal events with GLP-1 receptor agonists as a class..

Effect of various perioperative semaglutide interruption intervals on residual gastric content assessed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy: A retrospective single center observational study.

Santos, Leonardo Barbosa · 2024

Semaglutide users had significantly higher rates of increased residual gastric content (20.3% vs 3.2%, p<0.001).

PIONEER REAL UK: A Multi-Centre, Prospective, Real-World Study of Once-Daily Oral Semaglutide Use in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.

Saravanan, Ponnusamy · 2024

Oral semaglutide reduced HbA1c by 1.1 percentage points (95% CI -1.27 to -0.96, P<0.001) and body weight by 4.4 kg in real-world UK clinical practice.

Efficacy and Safety of Escalating the Dose of Oral Semaglutide from 7 to 14 mg: A Single-Center, Retrospective Observational Study.

Sato, Genki · 2024

Dose escalation from 7 mg to 14 mg oral semaglutide produced a significant additional HbA1c reduction of -0.5 ± 0.8% (from 7.4% to 7.0%, p<0.01) and weight loss of -2.0 ± 4.4 kg (p<0.01) over 24 weeks.

Contemporary Management of Obesity: A Comparison of Bariatric Metabolic Surgery and Novel Incretin Mimetic Drugs.

Singh, Abhayjit · 2024

Contemporary GLP-1-based medications and bariatric surgery are both effective for obesity management, with multiple FDA-approved GLP-1RAs and one GLP-1/GIP dual agonist now available alongside refined surgical techniques..

Glycaemic and weight effects of metabolic surgery or semaglutide in diabetes dosage for patients with type 2 diabetes.

Stenberg, Erik · 2024

At 2 years: bariatric surgery achieved 26.4% ± 8.83% total weight loss vs 5.2% ± 7.87% with semaglutide (p<0.001).

New Insights on Using Oral Semaglutide versus Dapagliflozin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Stratina, Ermina · 2024

Oral semaglutide significantly reduced liver stiffness (8.07 ± 2.90 → 6.51 ± 3.09 kPa, p<0.001) measured by VCTE at 6 months.

Role of glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists in obesity and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Temporelli, Pier Luigi · 2024

STEP-HFpEF trial: semaglutide significantly improved quality of life, weight, 6-minute walk distance, CRP (30-40% reduction), and NT-proBNP levels in 529 obese HFpEF patients over 52 weeks..

Model-based simulation of glycaemic effect and body weight loss when switching from semaglutide or dulaglutide to once weekly tirzepatide.

Urva, Shweta · 2024

Model-based simulations predict additional HbA1c and body weight reductions when switching from semaglutide or dulaglutide to tirzepatide, with magnitude depending on prior therapy and dose..

Effects of semaglutide, empagliflozin and their combination on renal diffusion-weighted MRI and total kidney volume in patients with type 2 diabetes: a post hoc analysis from a 32 week randomised trial.

Vernstrøm, Liv · 2024

Semaglutide and empagliflozin each reduced kidney cortical ADC and total kidney volume, but their combination did not show additive ADC effects; changes were independent of GFR, albuminuria, and inflammation..

Weight management medications for chronic use in 37 veterans affairs medical centers-A medication use evaluation.

Walczuk, Samantha · 2024

Real-world weight loss with GLP-1RAs (semaglutide, liraglutide) and other weight management medications at 37 VA centers was smaller than clinical trials, with higher discontinuation rates and barriers including drug shortages..

Effect of semaglutide on primary prevention of diabetic kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes: A post hoc analysis of the SUSTAIN 6 randomized controlled trial.

Wang, Jingyu · 2024

Semaglutide reduced the odds of developing new diabetic kidney disease by 44% overall (OR 0.56, p<0.0001) and 49% in high-risk patients (OR 0.51), with NNT of 7 in the high-risk population, primarily by reducing urinary albumin excretion..

Pharmacokinetic Properties of a Once-Weekly Fixed-Ratio Combination of Insulin Icodec and Semaglutide Compared with Separate Administration of Each Component in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Westergaard, Lisbet · 2024

IcoSema preserves icodec PK (AUC ratio 1.06, Cmax ratio 1.12, within bioequivalence bounds) but produces a 99% higher semaglutide Cmax (ratio 1.99) occurring 72 hours earlier (12 vs 84 h), attributed to albumin binding competition at the injection site..

Adverse Events of Oral GLP-1 Receptor Agonist (Semaglutide Tablets): A Real-World Study Based on FAERS from 2019 to 2023.

Xiong, Si · 2024

From 2,398 FAERS reports (5,653 adverse events), 23 system organ classes and 93 preferred terms showed significant signals for oral semaglutide, with metabolism/nutrition disorders most signaled and unexpected findings of acute cholecystitis, abducens nerve paralysis, and positional vertigo..

Update on Perioperative Medication Management for the Hand Surgeon: A Focus on Diabetes, Weight Loss, Rheumatologic, and Antithrombotic Medications.

Xu, Wen · 2024

GLP-1 receptor agonists cause delayed gastric emptying that increases aspiration risk under anesthesia.

PIONEER REAL Japan: Primary results from a multicenter, prospective, real-world study of oral semaglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes in Japanese clinical practice.

Yabe, Daisuke · 2024

Oral semaglutide reduced HbA1c by −0.7% and body weight by −2.8 kg in 624 Japanese T2DM adults over 34-44 weeks.

Real world study of GLP-1 receptor agonists in overweight or obese type 2 diabetes by using repeated measurement analysis of variance.

Yang, Wanying · 2024

GLP-1 receptor agonists combined with metformin produced statistically significant improvements in HbA1c, fasting glucose, and BMI at 6 and 12 months compared to metformin alone, with comparable safety profiles..

Exploring the antioxidant properties of semaglutide: A comprehensive review.

Yaribeygi, Habib · 2024

Semaglutide demonstrates antioxidant properties through multiple molecular pathways, suggesting its clinical benefits in diabetes extend beyond glucose lowering to include direct protection against oxidative damage in various tissues..

Efficacy and safety of switching from a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor to oral semaglutide in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Yoneda, Chihiro · 2024

Switching from DPP-4i to oral semaglutide reduced mean HbA1c from 7.8% to 7.0% (P significant) and decreased body weight (P significant).

Comparative analysis of semaglutide induced adverse reactions: Insights from FAERS database and social media reviews with a focus on oral vs subcutaneous administration.

Zhang, Jing · 2024

GI disorders accounted for 30.19% of oral and 27.76% of subcutaneous semaglutide adverse events.

Semaglutide ameliorates Alzheimer's disease and restores oxytocin in APP/PS1 mice and human brain organoid models.

Zhang, Yinbing · 2024

Semaglutide reduced amyloid plaques, p-Tau, and neuroinflammatory markers (GFAP, Iba1) while restoring oxytocin levels in both APP/PS1 mice (with improved cognition) and human AD brain organoids..

Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of concomitant administration of multiple doses of cagrilintide with semaglutide 2·4 mg for weight management: a randomised, controlled, phase 1b trial.

Enebo, Lone B · 2021

Cagrilintide 2.4 mg plus semaglutide 2.4 mg achieved 17.1% body weight reduction at 20 weeks, with an estimated treatment difference of -7.4% versus semaglutide plus placebo (95% CI -11.2 to -3.5).

Oral semaglutide versus injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a cost of control analysis.

Hansen, B B · 2020

The cost-of-control analysis compared oral semaglutide 14 mg against six injectable GLP-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes.

A Relative Cost of Control Analysis of Once-Weekly Semaglutide Versus Exenatide Extended-Release, Dulaglutide and Liraglutide in the UK.

Johansen, Pierre · 2020

Annual per-patient costs were similar across all four GLP-1 receptor agonists in the UK market.

Nephroprotective effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists: where do we stand?

Mosterd, Charlotte M · 2020

GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce macro-albuminuria in cardiovascular safety trials, with multiple proposed kidney-protective mechanisms including anti-inflammatory, hemodynamic, and metabolic effects..

A Relative Cost of Control Analysis of Once-Weekly Semaglutide Versus Exenatide Extended-Release and Dulaglutide for Bringing Patients to HbA1c and Weight Loss Treatment Targets in the USA.

Johansen, Pierre · 2019

Once-weekly semaglutide (0.5 mg and 1.0 mg) offered superior cost-per-outcome versus exenatide extended-release and dulaglutide for type 2 diabetes.

New drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus: what is their place in therapy?

Krentz, Andrew J · 2008

New diabetes drugs include GLP-1 agonists (exenatide, liraglutide: injectable, weight loss, low hypo risk), DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, vildagliptin: oral, weight neutral), and amylin analog (pramlintide) — peptide-based drugs transforming type 2 diabetes treatment..

Real-World Off-Label Use of Semaglutide for Weight Reduction: User Behavior, Effectiveness, and Satisfaction.

Al-Qaaneh, Ayman M · 2025

Real-world analysis of off-label semaglutide use for weight loss reveals user behavior patterns, effectiveness outside clinical trials, and adherence challenges..

Lithium Toxicity and Altered Clearance Following Initiation of Semaglutide in Patients With Bipolar Disorder: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Al-Soleiti, Majd · 2025

Semaglutide initiation caused lithium toxicity in patients on lithium therapy due to altered renal clearance, highlighting a critical drug interaction for psychiatric patients..

A comparison of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on weight change, side effects, and quality of life in Kuwait.

Alali, Saleh · 2025

Comparison of three leading GLP-1/GIP drugs for weight loss found tirzepatide produced the most weight loss, followed by semaglutide, then liraglutide, with varying side effect profiles..

Harnessing Facebook to Investigate Real-World Mentions of Adverse Events of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist (GLP-1 RA) Medications: Observational Study of Facebook Posts From 2022 to 2024.

Alibilli, Amrutha S · 2025

Analysis of Facebook mentions of GLP-1 drug adverse events captures patient-reported side effects not fully represented in clinical trials or formal reporting systems..

GLP-1 Weight Loss Protocol: An Evidence-Based Translation Project.

Allred, Meghan · 2025

Evidence-based translation project develops a standardized GLP-1 weight loss protocol incorporating prescribing, monitoring, lifestyle, and dose optimization guidelines..

Can GLP-1RAs redefine transplantation standard of care?

Almalki, Bassem A · 2025

Review explores whether GLP-1 drugs can redefine transplantation standard of care by addressing post-transplant diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular risk in organ recipients..

Impact of Fasting on Physical Activity Motivation and Weight Reduction in Patients Administered Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists: A Qualitative Study.

Almaqhawi, Abdullah · 2025

Study examines how fasting impacts physical activity motivation and weight reduction in patients on GLP-1 drugs, with implications for optimizing lifestyle during treatment..

New developments in GLP-1 agonist therapy for gestational diabetes: Systematic review on liraglutide, semaglutide, and exenatide from ClinicalTrials.gov.

Alshehri, Fahad S · 2025

Review of GLP-1 agonist developments for gestational diabetes explores efficacy evidence, safety concerns, and the potential role of these drugs in pregnancy-related metabolic disease..

Hair Loss Associated With Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist Use: A Systematic Review.

Alsuwailem, Omar A · 2025

Case series and review of hair loss associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists identifies a previously underrecognized side effect that may be related to rapid weight loss or direct drug effects..

Medication Adherence to Semaglutide Once-Weekly Injection Among Type-2 Diabetes Patients in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia - A Cross-Sectional Study.

Amirthalingam, Palanisamy · 2025

Medication adherence analysis for semaglutide once-weekly injection in T2D patients reveals real-world compliance patterns, predictors of adherence, and discontinuation reasons..

The effects of anti-obesity medications on bone metabolism: A critical appraisal.

Anastasilakis, Athanasios D · 2025

Critical review of anti-obesity medication effects on bone metabolism examines how GLP-1 drugs and other weight loss agents affect bone density and fracture risk during weight loss..

Semaglutide Enhances Cellular Regeneration in Skin and Retinal Cells In Vitro.

Anastasiou, Ioanna A · 2025

Semaglutide enhanced cellular regeneration in skin and retinal cells in vitro, revealing direct tissue repair properties beyond its metabolic effects..

Safety and Effectiveness of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Anderson, Scott R · 2025

Analysis of GLP-1 drug safety and effectiveness across different patient populations provides evidence for equitable and appropriate use..

Hypoglycaemic coma induced by a falsified semaglutide product: a case report.

Antonacci, Giulia · 2025

Case report of hypoglycemic coma caused by a falsified semaglutide product highlights the dangerous consequences of counterfeit GLP-1 drug products entering the market..

Semaglutide suppresses cocaine taking, seeking, and cocaine-evoked dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens.

Aranäs, Cajsa · 2025

Semaglutide suppressed cocaine taking, seeking behavior, and cocaine-evoked dopamine release, providing strong preclinical evidence for GLP-1 drugs in cocaine addiction treatment..

The GLP-1R Agonist Semaglutide Reduces Motivated Running and Alters Dopamine Dynamics in the Nucleus Accumbens.

Foscue, Ethan P · 2025

Semaglutide suppressed voluntary wheel running in both lean and obese mice — and this wasn't just because the mice were eating less.

Semaglutide Ameliorates Hepatocyte Steatosis in a Cell Co-Culture System by Downregulating the IRE1α-XBP1-C/EBPα Signaling Pathway in Macrophages.

Hu, Qin · 2025

Semaglutide reduced fat accumulation in liver cells by acting on nearby immune cells (macrophages) rather than directly on the liver cells themselves.

GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Induced Eustachian Tube Dysfunction: Database and Systematic Review of Otolaryngologic Adverse Events.

Pak, Kaitlynne Y · 2025

GLP-1 receptor agonists were associated with eustachian tube dysfunction, particularly the patulous variant, likely caused by rapid loss of soft tissue bulk around the eustachian tube opening..

Semaglutide attenuates lipotoxicity-induced cardiac injury by inhibiting Slc27a2 expression.

Pan, Xiaoyu · 2025

Semaglutide downregulated Slc27a2/FATP2 expression on cardiomyocytes, reducing lipotoxic fat accumulation and protecting against inflammation, oxidative stress, impaired cardiac function, and apoptosis in an obesity model..

Semaglutide and smoking cessation in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: there is no smoke without fire!

Popovic, Djordje S · 2024

Among people with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide was linked to a lower risk of medical encounters related to tobacco use disorder compared to other diabetes drug classes.

Diabetes drugs activate neuroprotective pathways in models of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Poupon-Bejuit, Laura · 2024

Both exendin-4 and semaglutide improved outcomes when given right after brain injury in newborn mice.

Use of Dulaglutide, Semaglutide, and Tirzepatide in Diabetes and Weight Management.

Powell, Jason · 2024

Semaglutide outperformed dulaglutide in both HbA1c reduction and weight loss, making it the most sought-after GLP-1 drug.

Adipocyte inflammation is the primary driver of hepatic insulin resistance in a human iPSC-based microphysiological system.

Qi, Lin · 2024

The researchers created a microphysiological system (MPS), a tiny interconnected network of human fat cells, liver cells, and inflammatory immune cells (macrophages).

Effectiveness and safety of a GLP-1 agonist in obese patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Ramos Belinchón, Clara · 2024

Sixteen obese patients with IBD (9 Crohn's disease, 7 ulcerative colitis) received semaglutide 1.0 mg or liraglutide 3.0 mg for obesity.

Anti-obesity Drugs for the Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder: Opportunities and Challenges.

Riboldi, Ilaria · 2024

Anti-obesity drugs, particularly GLP-1 receptor agonists, may have potential for treating binge eating disorder, but current evidence is limited and the psychological components of BED require special attention..

Recommendation for Clarifying FDA Policy in Evaluating "Sameness" of Higher Order Structure for Generic Peptide Therapeutics.

Rogers-Crovak, Jessica A · 2024

Current FDA guidance for evaluating generic peptide drug sameness needs clarification on higher order structure assessment to ensure generic peptide drugs are safe and effective..

The limitation of lipidation: Conversion of semaglutide from once-weekly to once-monthly dosing.

Schneider, Eric L · 2024

Hydrogel microsphere-semaglutide showed an in vivo release half-life of ~36 days in mice.

The Synthesis of SNAC Phenolate Salts and the Effect on Oral Bioavailability of Semaglutide.

Shapira-Furman, Tovi · 2024

Three novel SNAC phenolate salts were successfully synthesized and shown to maintain equivalent oral pharmacokinetic performance for semaglutide delivery in vivo..

Wernicke Encephalopathy Associated With Semaglutide Use.

Sheth, Krishna · 2024

Non-alcoholic Wernicke encephalopathy occurred in a 37-year-old male patient in the setting of semaglutide use, presenting with dysphagia, slurred speech, word-finding difficulty, and restricted extraocular movements..

Single-Administration Self-Boosting Microneedle Patch for The Treatment of Obesity.

Singh, Parbeen · 2024

A single-application microneedle patch with 4 programmable core-shell pixels achieves sequential weekly semaglutide release over one month, simulating 4 separate bolus injections from one painless skin application..

Forecasting Trial Milestones: A Predictive Analysis for Early Termination of the SOUL Study.

Sinha, Binayak · 2024

Pooled analysis of semaglutide trials showed HR 0.79 (95% CI: 0.69-0.91) for MACE.

Euglycemic Ketoacidosis From Semaglutide in a Patient Without Diabetes.

Sood, Nikhil · 2024

First reported case of euglycemic ketoacidosis caused by semaglutide in a patient without diabetes.

Semaglutide decelerates the growth and progression of breast cancer by enhancing the acquired antitumor immunity.

Stanisavljevic, Isidora · 2024

Semaglutide decelerated tumor appearance and growth in 4T1 breast cancer mice.

Semaglutide Improves Myocardial Perfusion and Performance in a Large Animal Model of Coronary Artery Disease.

Stone, Christopher R · 2024

Semaglutide improved left ventricular ejection fraction at rest and during rapid pacing (both p<0.03), increased perfusion to the most ischemic myocardium at rest and during pacing (both p<0.03), reduced perivascular and interstitial fibrosis (both p<0.03), and decreased apoptosis (p=0.008).

Semaglutide treatment of hypothalamic obesity - a real-life data study.

Svendstrup, Mathilde · 2024

26 patients with hypothalamic obesity treated with semaglutide (median dose 1.6 mg).

The Dispensing Error Rate in an App-Based, Semaglutide-Supported Weight-Loss Service: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Talay, Louis · 2024

Semaglutide dispensing errors occurred in only 0.35% of 28,165 orders, with incorrect dose being the most common error type at 58.6% of all errors..

The Effect of Lifestyle Coaching Design on Patient Engagement and Weight Loss in Non-diabetic Patients of a Semaglutide-Supported Digital Obesity Program in the UK: A Comparative Retrospective Cohort Study.

Talay, Louis A · 2024

Proactive coaching doubled patient engagement metrics (19.4 vs 8.6 messages) but weight loss difference (10.1% vs 8.9%) was not statistically significant over 16 weeks..

Semaglutide treatment for children with obesity: an observational study.

van Boxel, Elizabeth-Jane · 2024

Once-weekly semaglutide 1 mg in children aged 10-18 with comorbid obesity produced 6.4% total weight loss at 6 months and 8.9% at 12 months in a real-world UK pediatric clinic..

GLP-1R agonist therapy and vaccine response: Neglected implications.

van Niekerk, Gustav · 2024

GLP-1 receptor agonists may reduce vaccine immunogenicity through direct effects on immune cells and creation of a tolerogenic environment, representing a neglected pharmacological concern..

Semaglutide in patients with kidney failure and obesity undergoing dialysis and wishing to be transplanted: A prospective, observational, open-label study.

Vanek, Lenka · 2024

Semaglutide achieved significant weight and BMI reduction in obese dialysis patients (mean 4.6 kg in 12 weeks), with an acceptable safety profile, and three patients were able to reconsider transplant listing..

Semaglutide promotes the transition of microglia from M1 to M2 type to reduce brain inflammation in APP/PS1/tau mice.

Wang, Zhao-Jun · 2024

Semaglutide (25 nmol/kg IP every 2 days for 30 days) promoted M1-to-M2 microglial transition in 3xTg Alzheimer's mice, reducing neuroinflammation, decreasing hippocampal amyloid-β deposits, and improving memory performance..

Semaglutide May Ameliorate Fibrosis and Inhibit Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Intrauterine Adhesion Models.

Wu, Luming · 2024

Semaglutide significantly reduced fibrosis markers (ACTA2, COL1A1, FN), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers (vimentin, E-cadherin, N-cadherin) in both TGF-β1-induced endometrial cell and surgically-induced mouse models of intrauterine adhesions..

Cardiometabolic Modulation by Semaglutide Contributes to Cardioprotection in Rats with Myocardial Infarction.

Yan, Haihao · 2024

Semaglutide improved cardiac function, reduced histopathological damage, and altered the cardiac metabolomic profile after myocardial infarction in rats, suggesting cardioprotection through metabolic modulation rather than just glycemic control..

Semaglutide Reduces Cardiomyocyte Damage Caused by High-Fat Through HSDL2.

Yang, Lin · 2024

Semaglutide restored HSDL2 expression and reduced oxidative stress markers in cardiomyocytes of obese mice, identifying a novel HSDL2-mediated pathway for GLP-1 agonist cardioprotection against obesity-induced heart damage..

Effect of hydroxyethyl starch on drug stability and release of semaglutide in PLGA microspheres.

Zeng, Han · 2024

HES-containing PLGA microspheres achieved 94.38% semaglutide encapsulation, 83.23% controlled release over 44 days, prevented 30.65% drug loss versus HES-free microspheres, and provided ~3 weeks of glycemic control in vivo..

Efficacy and safety of once-daily oral orforglipron compared with oral semaglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes (ACHIEVE-3): a multinational, multicentre, non-inferiority, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Rosenstock, Julio · 2026

In a 52-week phase 3 trial of 1,698 adults with type 2 diabetes, oral orforglipron was not only non-inferior but statistically superior to oral semaglutide at lowering blood sugar.

Body Composition Changes After Bariatric Surgery or Treatment With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.

Wang, Zicheng · 2026

Over 24 months, both bariatric surgery and GLP-1 drugs (semaglutide/tirzepatide) produced substantial fat loss and moderate lean mass loss, but surgery was dramatically more effective.

Anti-obesity compounds, Semaglutide and LiPR, and PrRP do not change the proportion of human and mouse POMC+ neurons.

Jörgensen, Sara K M · 2025

Semaglutide and lipidized prolactin-releasing peptide (LiPR) — two anti-obesity compounds — did not change the proportion of POMC-expressing neurons when applied to human stem cell-derived hypothalamic neurons or mouse brain tissue.

Glucagon-like-peptide-1 agonist therapy in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Park, Sanghoon · 2025

All 11 CF patients lost weight (median -7.2 kg).

Larotrectinib-associated withdrawal symptoms resolved following initiation of GLP-1 receptor agonist: a case report.

Patel, Reema · 2025

Long-standing twice-daily withdrawal symptoms from larotrectinib (myalgias, arthralgias, photosensitivity occurring 30-45 min before doses) completely resolved after semaglutide initiation in a patient with >7 years of TRK inhibitor therapy..

A Case of Intussusception With Bowel Obstruction in a Gastric Roux-en-Y Patient Prescribed Semaglutide.

Pavuluri, Suresh K · 2025

Semaglutide use in a post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patient led to intussusception with small bowel obstruction and chemical pancreatitis requiring surgical intervention..

Different formulations of semaglutide and oxidative stress in subjects with type 2 diabetes and MASLD: an open-label, real-life study.

Petralli, Giovanni · 2025

Both oral and injectable semaglutide reduced liver inflammation, fibrosis markers, and oxidative stress in T2D patients with MASLD — the first oxidative stress data for semaglutide..

Youth Perspectives on the Use of Medications for Weight Loss.

Peyyety, Vaishnavi · 2025

Youth ages 14-24 show widespread familiarity with semaglutide for weight loss, with complex attitudes influenced by social media, body image concerns, and potential vulnerability to weight-related discourse..

Vertical sleeve gastrectomy and semaglutide have distinct effects on skeletal health and heart function in obese male mice.

Picoli, Caroline de Carvalho · 2025

VSG and semaglutide produced comparable weight loss but had divergent effects on bone mineral density and cardiac function in obese mice..

Beyond Diabetes: Semaglutide's Role in Modulating Mood Disorders through Neuroinflammation Pathways.

Piątkowska-Chmiel, Iwona · 2025

Semaglutide reduced anxiety and depression in diabetic animal models by modulating the kynurenine pathway and neurobiological markers in the prefrontal cortex..

A Qualitative Analysis of Patient Experiences Using Semaglutide 2.4 mg for Weight Loss.

Plenn, Eion · 2025

Qualitative analysis of 660 Reddit posts provides rich patient narratives about real-world semaglutide 2.4 mg experiences during a period of high demand and shortages..

Effect of Submaximal Doses of Semaglutide in Patients with Obesity on Metabolic Profile and Serum Levels of Adipocytokines.

Péč, Martin Jozef · 2025

Submaximal doses of semaglutide combined with lifestyle modifications improved metabolic markers and obesity-related inflammation biomarkers over 12 weeks..

Is There a Risk for Semaglutide Misuse? Focus on the Food and Drug Administration's FDA Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) Pharmacovigilance Dataset.

Chiappini, Stefania · 2023

Semaglutide showed significantly higher signals for misuse-related adverse events compared to other GLP-1 drugs.

Comparative efficacy of 5 sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and 7 glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists interventions on cardiorenal outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients: A network meta-analysis based on cardiovascular or renal outcome trials.

Duan, Xue-Yan · 2021

Sotagliflozin ranked first for MACE (HR 0.76), heart failure hospitalization (HR 0.59), MI (HR 0.65), and stroke (HR 0.56).

Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Frías, Juan P · 2021

Tirzepatide was noninferior and superior to semaglutide 1mg: HbA1c reductions of -2.01%, -2.24%, -2.30% (5/10/15mg) vs -1.86% semaglutide.

Effects of oral semaglutide on energy intake, food preference, appetite, control of eating and body weight in subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Gibbons, Catherine · 2021

Oral semaglutide 14mg reduced total daily ad libitum energy intake by 38.9% versus placebo (treatment difference -5,096 kJ, p=0.0001).

Emerging glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists for the treatment of obesity.

Jepsen, Mathies M · 2021

15+ GLP-1-based compounds in clinical obesity development: mono-GLP-1 (semaglutide, PF-0688296, glutazumab), dual (tirzepatide, cotadutide, efinopegdutide, AMG 133), and multi-receptor (CagriSema, HM15211).

A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Subcutaneous Semaglutide in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Newsome, Philip N · 2021

In a 72-week trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine, semaglutide at 0.4 mg daily achieved NASH resolution (without worsening fibrosis) in 59% of patients, compared to 17% on placebo (P<0.001).