Thymosin β4 increases cardiac cell proliferation, cell engraftment, and the reparative potency of human induced-pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in a porcine model of acute myocardial infarction.

Tan, Shi Hua et al.·Theranostics·2021·Strong EvidenceAnimal StudyAnimal Study
RPEP-05804Animal StudyStrong Evidence2021RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Animal Study
Evidence
Strong Evidence
Sample
N=not specified
Participants
Pigs with induced myocardial infarction randomized to 4 groups: MI control, Tb4 microspheres, hiPSC-CMs, or Tb4+hiPSC-CMs

What This Study Found

Co-treatment with Tb4 microspheres and hiPSC-CMs significantly enhanced cell engraftment, vasculogenesis, cardiomyocyte proliferation, left ventricular function, and reduced infarct size in pigs after MI, with no arrhythmia or tumorigenesis.

Key Numbers

1.2×10⁸ hiPSC-CMs; 600 ng/mL Tb4; 2-week sustained release; improved LV function; reduced infarct size; enhanced engraftment and vasculogenesis; no arrhythmias; no tumors; AKT and BcL-XL upregulated

How They Did This

Randomized pig study. MI induced, then 4 groups: basal medium, Tb4 microspheres, hiPSC-CMs (1.2×10⁸), or both. Tb4 delivered via gelatin microspheres (sustained release ~2 weeks). Assessed by cardiac MRI, implanted loop recorders, and whole-body MRI for tumors.

Why This Research Matters

Heart attacks damage heart muscle irreversibly. Stem cell therapy has been disappointing due to poor cell survival. Tb4 could be the missing ingredient that makes cardiac stem cell therapy actually work.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Pig model, not humans. Relatively short follow-up. Immunosuppression was required for human-derived cells. The 1.2×10⁸ cell dose may not be directly translatable. Manufacturing complexity of both Tb4 microspheres and hiPSC-CMs is significant.

Trust & Context

Original Title:
Thymosin β4 increases cardiac cell proliferation, cell engraftment, and the reparative potency of human induced-pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in a porcine model of acute myocardial infarction.
Published In:
Theranostics, 11(16), 7879-7895 (2021)
Database ID:
RPEP-05804

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal StudyOne case or non-human subjects
This study

Tests effects in animals (usually mice or rats), not humans.

What do these levels mean? →

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Cite This Study

RPEP-05804·https://rethinkpeptides.com/research/RPEP-05804

APA

Tan, Shi Hua; Loo, Sze Jie; Gao, Yu; Tao, Zhong Hao; Su, Li Ping; Wang, Chen Xu; Zhang, Sophia L; Mu, Yong Hui; Cui, Ying Hua; Abdurrachim, Desiree; Wang, Wei Hsin; Lalic, Janise; Lim, Kheng Choon; Bu, Jun; Tan, Ru San; Lee, Teck Hock; Zhang, Jianyi; Ye, Lei. (2021). Thymosin β4 increases cardiac cell proliferation, cell engraftment, and the reparative potency of human induced-pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in a porcine model of acute myocardial infarction.. Theranostics, 11(16), 7879-7895. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.56757

MLA

Tan, Shi Hua, et al. "Thymosin β4 increases cardiac cell proliferation, cell engraftment, and the reparative potency of human induced-pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in a porcine model of acute myocardial infarction.." Theranostics, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.56757

RethinkPeptides

RethinkPeptides Research Database. "Thymosin β4 increases cardiac cell proliferation, cell engra..." RPEP-05804. Retrieved from https://rethinkpeptides.com/research/tan-2021-thymosin-4-increases-cardiac

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkPeptides research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.