Progastrin-Releasing Peptide and Procalcitonin as Additional Markers in the Diagnostic Workup for Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Schonebaum, Leonoor E et al.·Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association·2025·Moderate Evidenceprospective multicohort study
RPEP-13470Prospective multicohort studyModerate Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
prospective multicohort study
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=396 patients (335 discovery + 61 validation)
Participants
Adults undergoing thyroid surgery for nodular disease, including benign, non-MTC cancer, and MTC

What This Study Found

Combining calcitonin and procalcitonin in a two-step test achieved 100% sensitivity and 99.7% specificity for diagnosing medullary thyroid carcinoma. Progastrin-releasing peptide alone had low sensitivity (69.2%) and added no diagnostic value.

Key Numbers

396 patients total (335 discovery, 61 validation). 44 MTC, 186 other thyroid cancers, 166 benign. CT+PCT combination: 100% sensitivity, 100% NPV, 99.7% specificity, 97.7% PPV. ProGRP sensitivity only 69.2%.

How They Did This

Prospective study in patients undergoing thyroid surgery. Discovery cohort (Netherlands, 2013-2025) and validation cohort (Switzerland). Preoperative serum calcitonin, procalcitonin, proGRP, and CEA measured. Two-step diagnostic approach tested.

Why This Research Matters

Calcitonin testing for medullary thyroid cancer has a high false-positive rate. Adding procalcitonin as a second step in the 10-100 pg/mL calcitonin range nearly eliminates false positives while catching all true cases.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Single-center discovery cohort in a tertiary referral center. Moderate validation cohort size. Performance in low-prevalence screening settings may differ.

Trust & Context

Original Title:
Progastrin-Releasing Peptide and Procalcitonin as Additional Markers in the Diagnostic Workup for Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.
Published In:
Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 35(9), 1030-1038 (2025)
Database ID:
RPEP-13470

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study
What do these levels mean? →

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Cite This Study

RPEP-13470·https://rethinkpeptides.com/research/RPEP-13470

APA

Schonebaum, Leonoor E; van den Berg, Sjoerd A A; van Balkum, Mathé; Visser, W Edward; Giovanella, Luca; Peeters, Robin P. (2025). Progastrin-Releasing Peptide and Procalcitonin as Additional Markers in the Diagnostic Workup for Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.. Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 35(9), 1030-1038. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2024.0293

MLA

Schonebaum, Leonoor E, et al. "Progastrin-Releasing Peptide and Procalcitonin as Additional Markers in the Diagnostic Workup for Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.." Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2024.0293

RethinkPeptides

RethinkPeptides Research Database. "Progastrin-Releasing Peptide and Procalcitonin as Additional..." RPEP-13470. Retrieved from https://rethinkpeptides.com/research/schonebaum-2025-progastrinreleasing-peptide-and-procalcitonin

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkPeptides research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.