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The Complete Clinical Pharmacology of Growth Hormone and Its Secretagogues

ReviewStrong evidence
The takeaway

This comprehensive review covers GH pharmacology from pituitary regulation to clinical applications of GH and secretagogues (GHRP, MK-677) for GH deficiency, aging, obesity, and critical illness.

Comprehensive reference

Covers all GH secretagogues (GHRP, hexarelin, ipamorelin, MK-677) across all clinical applications — the complete clinical pharmacology guide

What the researchers found

GH secretagogues (GHRP-6, hexarelin, MK-677) offer clinical advantages over GH injections: oral availability, physiological pulsatile release patterns, and multiple applications from GH deficiency to aging, obesity, and critical illness.

Why it matters

This serves as the definitive clinical pharmacology reference for practitioners and researchers working with GH and GH secretagogues across all therapeutic applications.

How the study worked

Comprehensive clinical pharmacology review covering GH biology, regulation, GH secretagogue pharmacology, and clinical applications across multiple indications.

What this study cannot tell us

Review from 2002. Some clinical applications were still in development. Long-term safety data for chronic GH secretagogue use was limited.

How to read the evidence

Strong evidence from a comprehensive clinical pharmacology review integrating basic science with clinical trial data.

When this study was published

Published in 2002. Remains a valuable reference though the GH secretagogue field has continued to develop.

The bigger picture

The clinical landscape for GH therapy is evolving from daily injections to oral secretagogues. This review maps the complete pharmacology guiding this transition.

Questions still open

  • Will oral GH secretagogues be approved for GH deficiency?
  • Which clinical application offers the best risk-benefit profile?
  • How should chronic GH secretagogue therapy be monitored?

Common questions

What GH secretagogues are available?
Major compounds include GHRP-6, GHRP-2, hexarelin, ipamorelin, and MK-677. They differ in selectivity, route (injectable vs oral), and side effect profiles. MK-677 is the most advanced oral option.
Are GH secretagogues better than GH injections?
They offer potential advantages: oral dosing (MK-677), more natural GH release patterns, and the body's own feedback regulation. Whether they fully match GH injection efficacy for all conditions is still being determined.

Read the original research

Clinical pharmacology of human growth hormone and its secretagogues.

Current drug targets. Immune, endocrine and metabolic disorders, 2(1), 27-52

Citation

Root, Allen W; Root, Michael J. (2002). Clinical pharmacology of human growth hormone and its secretagogues.. Current drug targets. Immune, endocrine and metabolic disorders, 2(1), 27-52.