GLP-1 Drugs Linked to Fewer Opioid Overdoses and Alcohol Intoxications in Large US Study

Among 500,000+ patients, GLP-1/GIP drug prescriptions were associated with reduced opioid overdoses and alcohol intoxications in those with substance use disorders.

Qeadan, Fares et al.·Addiction (Abingdon·2025·Moderate Evidencecohort
RPEP-13134CohortModerate Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
cohort
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=N=1,321,056 total
Participants
US adults with opioid use disorder or alcohol use disorder

What This Study Found

GLP-1/GIP drug prescriptions were associated with reduced opioid overdoses and alcohol intoxications in over 500,000 patients with substance use disorders.

Key Numbers

N=503,747 OUD patients; N=817,309 AUD patients; 136 US health systems; Jan 2014-Sep 2022; lower incidence of overdose/intoxication with GIP/GLP-1 RA prescriptions.

How They Did This

Retrospective cohort study of de-identified EHR data from 136 US health systems (Oracle Cerner), Jan 2014 – Sept 2022.

Why This Research Matters

The opioid and alcohol crises claim hundreds of thousands of lives — if GLP-1 drugs reduce substance use outcomes, the public health impact could be enormous.

The Bigger Picture

This is the largest study yet suggesting GLP-1 drugs affect addiction — potentially opening an entirely new therapeutic category for these medications.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Retrospective observational design — cannot prove causation. Confounding by indication possible (healthier patients may get GLP-1 drugs).

Questions This Raises

  • ?What is the mechanism linking GLP-1 signaling to reduced substance use?
  • ?Would randomized trials of GLP-1 drugs for addiction confirm these observational findings?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
503,747 patients Largest real-world study linking GLP-1/GIP drugs to reduced substance use outcomes
Evidence Grade:
Large retrospective EHR study — powerful association data but observational design limits causal inference.
Study Age:
Published in 2025 in Addiction, a leading substance use journal.
Original Title:
The association between glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and/or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist prescriptions and substance-related outcomes in patients with opioid and alcohol use disorders: A real-world data analysis.
Published In:
Addiction (Abingdon, England), 120(2), 236-250 (2025)
Database ID:
RPEP-13134

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study
What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Can GLP-1 drugs help with addiction?

This large study found fewer opioid overdoses and alcohol intoxications among patients prescribed GLP-1 drugs, but clinical trials are needed to confirm a causal effect.

How might GLP-1 drugs affect substance use?

GLP-1 receptors are present in brain reward circuits — these drugs may reduce the rewarding effects of substances, though the exact mechanism is still being studied.

Read More on RethinkPeptides

Cite This Study

RPEP-13134·https://rethinkpeptides.com/research/RPEP-13134

APA

Qeadan, Fares; McCunn, Ashlie; Tingey, Benjamin. (2025). The association between glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and/or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist prescriptions and substance-related outcomes in patients with opioid and alcohol use disorders: A real-world data analysis.. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 120(2), 236-250. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16679

MLA

Qeadan, Fares, et al. "The association between glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and/or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist prescriptions and substance-related outcomes in patients with opioid and alcohol use disorders: A real-world data analysis.." Addiction (Abingdon, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16679

RethinkPeptides

RethinkPeptides Research Database. "The association between glucose-dependent insulinotropic pol..." RPEP-13134. Retrieved from https://rethinkpeptides.com/research/qeadan-2025-the-association-between-glucosedependent

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkPeptides research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.